Abstract
This paper presents a quantum image steganography algorithm based on HSI color space embedding technique. To increase the security of sensitive information, a three-dimensional hyperchaotic system incorporating sinusoidal mapping, Henon mapping, and Cubic mapping using the cascade modulation method is first presented. Additionally, a brand-new steganography algorithm built on the HSI color space embedding method is suggested in this study. The effective pixel information of three channels can be concentrated in one intensity channel by converting color images from RGB to HSI, which decreases the null domain steganography algorithm's time and space complexity. In the meantime, a successful quantum steganography circuit is created. The simulation and numerical analysis results show that the algorithm has good invisibility, security, and robustness.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
The used datasets analyzed during the current study are openly available from http://sipi.usc.edu/database/, and the data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
References
Jing-yu, S., Wan-ting, W., Hao, Z., Jun, Z.: Color image quantum steganography scheme and circuit design based on DWT+ DCT+ SVD. Phys. A: Stat. Mech. Appl. 617, 128688 (2023)
Xie, H.W., Gao, Y.J., Liu, X.L., Zhang, J., Zhang, H.: A novel exploiting modification direction scheme and its application in quantum color image steganography. Quantum Inf. Process. 21(7), 1–19 (2022)
Pan, P., Wu, Z., Yang, C., Zhao, B.: Double-matrix decomposition image steganography scheme based on wavelet transform with multi-region coverage. Entropy 24(2), 246 (2022)
Dai, H., Cheng, J., Li, Y.: A novel steganography algorithm based on quantization table modification and image scrambling in DCT domain. Int. J. Pattern Recognit Artif Intell. 35(01), 2154001 (2021)
Yan, F., Venegas-Andraca, S.E.: Quantum image processing. Springer Nature, New York (2020)
Song, X., Wang, S., Abd El-Latif, A., Niu, X.: Dynamic watermarking scheme for quantum images based on Hadamard transform. Multimed. Syst. 20, 379–388 (2014)
Abd-El-Atty, B., Abd El-Latif, A. A., Amin, M.: New quantum image steganography scheme with Hadamard transformation. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Systems and Informatics 2016, pp. 342–352. Springer International Publishing (2017)
Jiang, N., Zhao, N., Wang, L.: LSB based quantum image steganography algorithm. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 55(1), 107–123 (2016)
Abd-El-Atty, B., Iliyasu, A.M., Alanezi, A., Abd El-latif, A.A.: Optical image encryption based on quantum walks. Opt. Lasers Eng. 138, 106403 (2021)
El-Latif, A., Ahmed, A., Abd-El-Atty, B., Amin, M., Iliyasu, A.M.: Quantum-inspired cascaded discrete-time quantum walks with induced chaotic dynamics and cryptographic applications. Sci. Rep. 10(1), 1–16 (2020)
Abd EL-Latif, A.A., Abd-El-Atty, B., Venegas-Andraca, S.E.: Controlled alternate quantum walk-based pseudo-random number generator and its application to quantum color image encryption. Phys. A: Stat. Mech. Appl. 547, 123869 (2020)
Abd El-Latif, A.A., Abd-El-Atty, B., Mazurczyk, W., Fung, C., Venegas-Andraca, S.E.: Secure data encryption based on quantum walks for 5G internet of things scenario. IEEE Trans. Netw. Serv. Manag. 17(1), 118–131 (2020)
Chen, G.L., Song, X.H., Venegas-Andraca, S.E., Abd El-Latif, A.A.: QIRHSI: novel quantum image representation based on HSI color space model. Quantum Inf. Process. 21(1), 5 (2022)
Gong, L.H., He, X.T., Tan, R.C., Zhou, Z.H.: Single channel quantum color image encryption algorithm based on HSI model and quantum fourier transform. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 57, 59–73 (2018)
Gao, X., Mou, J., Xiong, L., Sha, Y., Yan, H., Cao, Y.: A fast and efficient multiple images encryption based on single-channel encryption and chaotic system. Nonlinear Dyn. 108(1), 613–636 (2022)
Wang, W.T., Sun, J.Y., Zhang, H., Zhang, J.: Quantum cryptosystem and circuit design for color image based on novel 3D julia-fractal chaos system. Quantum Inf. Process. 22(1), 64 (2023)
Wei, C., Li, G.: A selective image encryption scheme using LICC hyperchaotic system. IET Image Proc. 16(12), 3342–3358 (2022)
Wang, T., Ge, B., Xia, C., Dai, G.: Multi-image encryption algorithm based on cascaded modulation chaotic system and block-scrambling-diffusion. Entropy 24(8), 1053 (2022)
Dai, S., Sun, K., He, S., Ai, W.: Complex chaotic attractor via fractal transformation. Entropy 21(11), 1115 (2019)
Liu, W., Sun, K., He, S.: SF-SIMM high-dimensional hyperchaotic map and its performance analysis. Nonlinear Dyn. 89(4), 2521–2532 (2017)
Chen, C., Sun, K., Peng, Y., Alamodi, A.O.: A novel control method to counteract the dynamical degradation of a digital chaotic sequence. The Eur. Phys. J. Plus 134(1), 1–16 (2019)
hou, R. G., Hu, W., & Fan, P.: Quantum watermarking scheme through Arnold scrambling and LSB steganography. Quantum Inf. Process. 16(9), 1–21 (2017)
Uehara, G. S., Spanias, A., Clark, W.: Quantum information processing algorithms with emphasis on machine learning. In: 2021 12th International Conference on Information, Intelligence, Systems & Applications (IISA), pp. 1–11. IEEE (2021)
Jaradat, A., Taqieddin, E., Mowafi, M.: A high-capacity image steganography method using chaotic particle swarm optimization. Secur Commun. Netw. 2021, 1–11 (2021)
Ubhi, J.S., Aggarwal, A.K.: Neural Style Transfer for image within images and conditional GANs for destylization. J. Vis. Commun. Image Represent. 85, 103483 (2022)
Sonar, R., Swain, G.: Steganography based on quotient value differencing and pixel value correlation. CAAI Trans. Intell. Technol. 6(4), 504–519 (2021)
Dai, H., Cheng, J., Li, Y.: A novel steganography algorithm based on quantization table modification and image scrambling in DCT domain. Int. J. Pattern Recognit. Artif. Intell. 35(01), 2154001 (2021)
Muhuri, P.K., Ashraf, Z., Goel, S.: A novel image steganographic method based on integer wavelet transformation and particle swarm optimization. Appl. Soft Comput. 92, 106257 (2020)
Kumar, R., Jung, K.H.: Robust reversible data hiding scheme based on two-layer embedding strategy. Inf. Sci. 512, 96–107 (2020)
Islam, M., Roy, A., Laskar, R.H.: SVM-based robust image watermarking technique in LWT domain using different sub-bands. Neural Comput. Appl. 32(5), 1379–1403 (2020)
Deeba, F., Kun, S., Dharejo, F.A., Zhou, Y.: Lossless digital image watermarking in sparse domain by using K-singular value decomposition algorithm. IET Image Process. 14(6), 1005–1014 (2020)
Subhedar, M.S., Mankar, V.H.: Image steganography using redundant discrete wavelet transform and QR factorization. Comput. Electr. Eng. 54, 406–422 (2016)
Liu, Y., Tang, S., Liu, R., Zhang, L., Ma, Z.: Secure and robust digital image watermarking scheme using logistic and RSA encryption. Expert Syst. Appl. 97, 95–105 (2018)
Ernawan, F., Ariatmanto, D., Firdaus, A.: An improved image watermarking by modifying selected DWT-DCT coefficients. IEEE Access 9, 45474–45485 (2021)
Makbol, N.M., Khoo, B.E., Rassem, T.H., Loukhaoukha, K.: A new reliable optimized image watermarking scheme based on the integer wavelet transform and singular value decomposition for copyright protection. Inform. Sci. 417, 381–400 (2017)
Zhang, L., Wei, D.: Image watermarking based on matrix decomposition and gyrator transform in invariant integer wavelet domain. Signal Process. 169, 107421 (2020)
Kumar, C., Singh, A.K., Kumar, P., Singh, R., Singh, S.: SPIHT-based multiple image watermarking in NSCT domain. Concurr Comput: Pract. Exp. 32(1), e4912 (2020)
Ma, Y., Yu, F.F., Gong, L.H., Zou, W.P.: Fast quantum image encryption scheme based on multilayer short memory fractional order Lotka–Volterra system and dual-scale triangular map. Front. Phys. 10, 1001 (2022)
Acknowledgements
This research is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos: 61702356), Natural Science Foundation of ShanXi Province (Nos: 20210302124050 and 202203021221074), Project 1331 of Shanxi Province (Nos: SC9100026).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
All authors have read and approved this version of the article, and due care has been taken to ensure the integrity of the work. Neither the entire paper nor any part of its content has been published or has been accepted elsewhere. It is not being submitted to any other journal.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Sun, Jy., Wang, Wt., Yan, Pf. et al. Quantum steganography scheme and circuit design based on the synthesis of three grayscale images in the HSI color space. Quantum Inf Process 22, 349 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11128-023-04110-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11128-023-04110-1