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Asymmetric bidirectional cyclic controlled quantum teleportation in noisy environment

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Abstract

This paper is aimed to design a protocol which enable asymmetric exchange of quantum states between every two adjacent communicating parties under the supervision of a controller in circular quantum communication and analyze how the noise environment affects the process of this protocol. We propose a novel protocol for four-party asymmetric bidirectional cyclic controlled quantum teleportation based on multi-output quantum teleportation, utilizing a seventeen-qubit entangled state as the quantum channel. Moreover, we extended the proposed four-party scheme from three communicators to \(m(m>3)\) communicators, providing flexibility for each communicator to choose one of the two distinct multi-output modes for communication. Additionally, the quantum circuit was designed for experimental implementation of the protocol on the IBM Quantum platform. Lastly, the four-party scheme is analyzed in four noisy environments with bit-flip noise, phase-flip noise, amplitude damping and phase-damping. Furthermore, we give a comparison with previous similar schemes in terms of intrinsic efficiency and achieved method, which illustrates the superiority of our protocol. Regarding experimental implementation, we successfully validated the accuracy and feasibility of the proposed four-party scheme. In the noise analysis, we discovered a correlation between the fidelity of teleported quantum states and both the parameter of the desired quantum state and the decoherence rate. This correlation is attributed to the inherent nature of the four types of noise.

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Codes that support the experimental realization of four-party ABCCQT scheme are available from the author (544,692,060@qq.com) upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 62172268 and Shanghai Science and Technology Project under Grant Nos. 21JC1402800 and 20040501500.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China

    Jie Xu

  2. Research Center of Intelligent Information Processing and Quantum Intelligent Computing, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China

    Ri-Gui Zhou

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  1. Jie Xu
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Correspondence to Ri-Gui Zhou.

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Appendix

Appendix

See Tables 4, 5 and 6.

Table 4 Comparison of each quantum state on different number of shots
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Table 5 Allocation status of entangled channels
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Table 6 The relationship between Charlie’s unitary operation and the measurement results of Alice, Bob and David
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Xu, J., Zhou, RG. Asymmetric bidirectional cyclic controlled quantum teleportation in noisy environment. Quantum Inf Process 22, 376 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11128-023-04116-9

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