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Quantum-enhanced measurement scheme for quadrature phase-shift-keying coherent states under thermal noise

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Abstract

Quantum-enhanced receiver is an effective approach to discriminate weak coherent states with better performance. As a typical quantum-enhanced measurement scheme, Dolinar receivers theoretically approach the standard quantum limit by using real-time quantum feedback with optimal displacement and photon measurements. However, thermal noise can interfere with the results of photon measurement, ultimately leading to a degradation of performance. In this paper, we analyze the influence of thermal noise toward the detector and we build a more practical model of quantum-enhanced receiver with a replaced photon number resolving detector under thermal noise. The calculation model for decision strategy and displacement operator is optimized correspondingly by theoretical analysis to further improve the detection performance. This scheme provides an exact number of photons and accuracy calculation model of displacement operator and decision strategy, which reduce the degradation of performance caused by thermal noise. The simulation results show that the thermal noise causes a large interference with the quantum-enhanced measurements. The corrected scheme with the measurement model developed in this paper reduces the degradation of performance caused by thermal noise, and beats the standard quantum limit with the mean photon number of thermal noise less than 0.1. This work provides a meaningful step toward the performance enhancement of coherent state discrimination and enhances the capability for practical applications of quantum-enhanced measurement in coherent optical communications.

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Acknowledgements

This research was funded by the Independent Innovation Science Fund of National University of Defense Technology (22-ZZCX-036), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62101559), National key basic research program of China (2021-JCJQ-JJ-0510), Scientific research program of National University of Defense Technology (ZK22-09), the Innovative Key Projects Promotion in Information and Communication College (No. YJKT-RC-2113) and the National University of Defense Technology under Grant No. 19-QNCXJ.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Information and Communication, National University of Defense Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China

    Chang Guo, Tianyi Wu, Kezheng Dang, Yang Ran, Jungang Yang & Chen Dong

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  1. Chang Guo
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  2. Tianyi Wu
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  3. Kezheng Dang
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Chang Guo. and Tianyi Wu wrote the main manuscript text. Jungang Yang and Chen Dong directed the research. Kezheng Dang and Yang Ran improved the paper. All authors reviewed the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Jungang Yang or Chen Dong.

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Guo, C., Wu, T., Dang, K. et al. Quantum-enhanced measurement scheme for quadrature phase-shift-keying coherent states under thermal noise. Quantum Inf Process 23, 231 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11128-024-04449-z

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