Abstract
The difficulties and challenges of cooperation networks in the area of health originate the need for more transparent policies to improve the quality of service, focusing on the main actors involved and analysis of the emerging trend in research. Through a systematic literature review covering the last 20 years, articles were selected from the Scopus database, where 70 studies were analysed after using sorting criteria according to the SMARTER method. Studies were categorized in two areas focusing on public health, identifying the main actors involved in cooperation processes and in theories and cooperation in health, filling a major gap in the literature. By identifying and attributing the participation of the actors involved, it is possible to understand and plan public health activities because they are organized efforts of society as a whole that seeks not only the cure of diseases but the prevention and prolongation of healthy life. This study contributes to the literature showing the main groups of actors involved in cooperation in health and listing the theoretical models and theories that are gradually becoming part of the theoretical framework of research in this area, summarizing the relevant literature. The direction of future agenda on cooperation networks in health focusing on participation of different actors provides innovates, based on the remaining gaps around the theme.

Source: Authors’ elaboration

Source: Adapted from Keeney and Raiffa (1976)

Source: Authors’ elaboration

Source: Authors’ elaboration

Source: Authors’ elaboration

Source: Authors’ own elaboration
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The authors thank the anonymous reviewers for their very helpful comments that contributed to the development of this paper. The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from FCT and FEDER/COMPETE through Grant UID/ECO/04007/2019.
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Marques, I.C.P., Franco, M. Cooperation networks in the area of health: systematic literature review. Scientometrics 122, 1727–1750 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-019-03341-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-019-03341-3