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Provably secure authentication key exchange scheme using fog nodes in vehicular ad hoc networks

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Abstract

In recent years, with the development of cloud computing, the Internet of Things (IoT), and other technologies, mobile intelligent transportation systems, particularly the vehicular ad hoc network (VANET), have been growing quickly. Researchers have attempted to use fog computing in VANETs in order to meet real-world requirements for their deployment. Fog computing is an extension of cloud computing, and thus, it inevitably inherits the same security challenges. Further, because VANETs are in an open network environment, they will also face several other potential security and privacy issues. In this study, to promote secure interaction in fog-based VANETs, a new authentication key exchange (AKE) scheme that uses fog nodes as relay nodes has been designed. The scheme completes mutual authentication and generates a session key for later confidential communication. The automatic verification tool ProVerif and the BAN (Burrows–Abadi–Needham) logic were used to formally verify the security of the scheme, and an informal analysis shows that it can resist multiple known attacks. The simulation and analysis results show that the proposed scheme is successful. Finally, performance evaluation shows the effectiveness of the approach. Compared with the previously proposed privacy protection authentication protocols, the results of the proposed scheme are more computationally efficient.

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Acknowledgements

This research is partially supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology (Taiwan, R.O.C.), under the Grant Nos. MOST 109-2221-E-004-011-MY3 and MOST 109-2218-E-011-007-.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China

    Tsu-Yang Wu, Zhiyuan Lee & Lei Yang

  2. Department of Information and Telecommunications, Ming Chuan University, Taipei, Taiwan

    Jia-Ning Luo

  3. Department of Computer Science, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan

    Raylin Tso

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  1. Tsu-Yang Wu
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Wu, TY., Lee, Z., Yang, L. et al. Provably secure authentication key exchange scheme using fog nodes in vehicular ad hoc networks. J Supercomput 77, 6992–7020 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11227-020-03548-9

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