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High-fidelity reversible data hiding based on PVO and median preserving

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Abstract

This paper aims to provide a comprehensive methodology for transmitting data securely between smart city applications. Reversible data hiding technique is widely used to protect secret information. Pixel value ordering (PVO) is an effective method of reversible data hiding (RDH) that sorts the pixels of a block based on their values. The pixel-based PVO (PPVO) method changes the predictive manner in PVO and achieves a high embedding capacity. However, in PPVO, the errors between the predicted pixel and the current pixel close to zero are not utilized. We propose a novel high-capacity reversible data hiding method based on PVO and median preservation to promote hiding capacity. The median preserving strategy in each block is used to compute the predicted error and to determine the smoothness of the area. If the block is a smooth area, more predicted errors are generated and fall within the range of [− 1, 1]. A modified multiple histogram scheme is applied to hide messages using predicted error shifting. Experimental results show that the proposed method has superior hiding capacity performances than that of the previous PVO-based methods.

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Acknowledgements

This work was partially supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of the Republic of China under the Grant No. 108-2221-E-153-004-MY2, 110-2221-E-153-002-MY2 and MOST110-2218-E-218-001.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer Sciences, National Pingtung University, 90003, Pingtung, Taiwan

    Chi-Yao Weng

  2. Department of Information Management, National Taipei University of Business, 10051, Taipei, Taiwan

    Hao-Yu Weng

  3. Department of Information Management, Yuan Ze University, 32003, Taoyuan, Taiwan

    Cheng-Ta Huang

  4. International Bachelor Program in Informatics, Yuan Ze University, 32003, Taoyuan, Taiwan

    Cheng-Ta Huang

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  1. Chi-Yao Weng
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Correspondence to Cheng-Ta Huang.

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Weng, CY., Weng, HY. & Huang, CT. High-fidelity reversible data hiding based on PVO and median preserving. J Supercomput 78, 8367–8388 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11227-021-04226-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11227-021-04226-0

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