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Conformance checking for autonomous multi-cloud SLA management and adaptation

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Abstract

Satisfying cloud customers’ requirements, i.e., respecting an agreed-on service level agreement (SLA), is not a trivial task in a multi-cloud context. This is mainly due to divergent SLA objectives among the involved cloud service providers and hence divergent reconfiguration strategies to enforce them. In this paper, we propose a hierarchical representation of multi-cloud SLAs: sub-SLAs associated with a system’s components deployed on distinct cloud service providers and global-SLA associated with the whole system. We also enrich these SLA representations with state machines reflecting reconfiguration strategies defined by cloud customers. Then, we propose an autonomous multi-cloud resource orchestrator based on the MAPE-K adaptation control loop to enforce them and to avoid SLA violations. Finally, in order to check the conformity of this enforcement with defined multi-cloud SLA, we propose an approach for multi-cloud SLA reporting inspired by conformance checking techniques. An implementation of the approach is presented in the paper and illustrates the approach feasibility.

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Notes

  1. https://cloud.google.com/anthos.

  2. https://aws.amazon.com/eks/eks-anywhere/.

  3. https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/azure-arc/.

  4. https://cloudsecurityalliance.org/star/.

  5. https://hadoop.apache.org/.

  6. Yasper is a tool for Petri net representation, https://www.yasper.org/.

  7. https://www.eclipse.org/modeling/emf.

  8. https://www.python.org/.

  9. https://www.docker.com/.

  10. https://www.rabbitmq.com/.

  11. https://www.elastic.co/en/elastic-stack/.

  12. http://www.clipsrules.net/.

  13. https://github.com/noxdafox/clipspy.

  14. https://docs.docker.com/engine/swarm/.

  15. https://cloud.google.com/.

  16. https://aws.amazon.com/fr/.

  17. https://www.nginx.com/.

  18. https://www.keycloak.org/.

  19. https://tikv.org/.

  20. https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/programs/ab.html.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Devoteam, R&D, Massy, France

    Jeremy Mechouche & Roua Touihri

  2. Samovar, Telecom SudParis, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France

    Jeremy Mechouche, Roua Touihri, Mohamed Sellami & Walid Gaaloul

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  1. Jeremy Mechouche
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  2. Roua Touihri
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  4. Walid Gaaloul
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Correspondence to Jeremy Mechouche.

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Mechouche, J., Touihri, R., Sellami, M. et al. Conformance checking for autonomous multi-cloud SLA management and adaptation. J Supercomput 78, 13004–13039 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11227-022-04363-0

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