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A crow search algorithm integrated with dynamic awareness probability for cellular network cost management

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Abstract

This research presents a crow search algorithm (CSA) for reducing the cellular network cost when reporting the cell planning (RCP) scheme. In cellular systems, the RCP scheme is used to maintain location. We employ CSA as an optimization tool because it is a bio-inspired optimization technique. In this study, CSA uses the cellular network's diversity to optimize the cost of reporting the RCP scheme. The cost of location management is calculated using dynamic awareness probability (DAP) and a CSA for various cellular network sizes. With each iteration of the CSA, the dynamic properties of the DAP are used to change the decision threshold. This provides additional freedom and enhances decision-making abilities. As a result, the set awareness probability allows for a cheaper cost per call arrival. Extensive simulations are used to test and evaluate the suggested method's performance. The experiments are carried out with 4 × 4, 6 × 6, and 8 × 8 cells in current cellular systems. The recommended CSA is used to measure performance in groups of 50, 100, 150, and 200 people. Multiple graphs displaying statistical measurements, convergence rates, and other data are used to present the conclusions. It was determined that scaling up from a smaller to a larger network lowers the cost per call arrival by about 12%. This shows a possible vision of the proposed CSA's vast range of uses and needs more research to improve existing cellular services.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author.

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Acknowledgements

The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, for funding this work through Large Groups RGP.2/119/43.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Computer Science and Engineering Department, College of Sciences and Arts, Dhahran Al Janoub Campus, King Khalid University, Abha, 64261, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Shamimul Qamar

  2. Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Research Scholar, Jamia Millia Islamia, Delhi, 110025, India

    Abdul Azeem

  3. Faculty of Computer and Information Systems, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Tanweer Alam

  4. Department of Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Research Center for Intelligent Secure Systems, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Izhar Ahmad

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  1. Shamimul Qamar
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  2. Abdul Azeem
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Correspondence to Shamimul Qamar.

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Table 4 Acronyms used in this study
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Qamar, S., Azeem, A., Alam, T. et al. A crow search algorithm integrated with dynamic awareness probability for cellular network cost management. J Supercomput 78, 19046–19069 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11227-022-04623-z

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