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Toward a context-driven deployment optimization for embedded systems: a product line approach

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Abstract

Producing a large family of resource-constrained multi-processing systems on chips (MPSoC) is challenging, and the existing techniques are generally geared toward a single product. When they are leveraged for a variety of products, they are expensive and complex. Further in the industry, a considerable lack of analysis support at the architectural level induces a strong dependency on the experiences and preferences of the designer. This paper proposes a formal foundation and analysis of MPSoC product lines based on a featured transition system (FTS) to express the variety of products. First, features diagrams are selected to model MPSoC product lines, which facilitate capturing its semantics as FTS. To this end, the probabilistic model checker verifies the resulting FTS that is decorated with tasks characteristics and processors’ failure probability. The experimental results indicate that the formal approach offers quantitative results on the relevant product that optimizes resource usage when exploring the product family.

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Data availability

All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article. A link to PRISM source code is available at: https://github.com/hakimuga/Towards-a-Context-driven-Deployment-Optimization-for-Embedded-Systems.

Notes

  1. Open Services Gateway initiative.

  2. Eclipse Modeling Tools: Tools and run-times for building model-based applications.

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Funding

The research leading to the presented results has been undertaken within the research profile CPS4EU (https://cps4eu.eu/)—Cyber-Physical Systems For Europe, funded by the European Union, grant number: 826276.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Université Grenoble Alpes, VERIMAG, Grenoble, France

    Abdelhakim Baouya

  2. ECE Department, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada

    Otmane Ait Mohamed

  3. Ecole d’Ingénieur CESI, Aix-en-Provence, France

    Samir Ouchani

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  1. Abdelhakim Baouya
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Correspondence to Abdelhakim Baouya.

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Appendix: SCoPE platform description

Appendix: SCoPE platform description

The description of the system to be simulated is done in the sc_main function. In this function, we described the HW platform, the SW infrastructure, and the application SW. The structure of a common SCoPE sc_main function is portrayed in Listing 6. For each OS model, it is required to indicate the number of processors that will be controlled by the OS (line 9). To load the application SW, it is necessary to load in the OS models and the name of the entry function of each application in line 14.

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Baouya, A., Ait Mohamed, O. & Ouchani, S. Toward a context-driven deployment optimization for embedded systems: a product line approach. J Supercomput 79, 2180–2211 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11227-022-04741-8

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