Skip to main content
Log in

A novel bandwidth efficient SOC-based turbo coding scheme mid reduced complexity MUD for SA-based MC-CDMA systems

  • Published:
Telecommunication Systems Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Multiuser-detection (MUD), turbo coding and smart-antennas (SA) are powerful techniques for enhancing the performance and capacity of MC-CDMA systems. Among the MUD algorithms, the maximum-likelihood (ML) method has the best performance but its complexity increases exponentially with the number of users and constellation size. In this paper, we first propose a novel bandwidth-efficient-channel-coding-scheme (BECCS) for a super-orthogonal-code (SOC)-based serially concatenated turbo code (SCSOC) so that by using it, the coded system without extra bandwidth significantly improves the performance of an uncoded system over a fading channel. Second, in order to reduce the complexity of the ML-based turbo MUD technique, an ML algorithm based on the sensitive-bits-algorithm (SBA) and a less-complex-norm-approximation (LCNA) based Euclidean distance is proposed for a SCSOC-based BECCS assisted coded MC-CDMA system accompanied by SA techniques at the receiver. Our analytical and simulation results show that from a performance perspective, at BER=10−2, the proposed SCSOC-based BECCS assisted MC-CDMA system performs 4 dB better than SOC-based coded systems. The latter system has 5 dB gain in comparison with an uncoded one, all in the same bandwidth and over fading channels.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Hanzo, L., Yang, L. L., Kuan, E. L., & Yen, K. (2003). Single and multicarrier CDMA: multiuser detection, space-time spreading, synchronization, networking and standards. New York: Wiley-IEEE Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  2. Hara, S., & Prasad, R. (1996). DS-CDMA, MC-CDMA, MT-CDMA for mobile multi-media communication. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 2, 1106–1110.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Hara, S., & Prasad, R. (1997). Overview of multicarrier CDMA. IEEE Communications Magazine, 35, 126–133.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Prasad, R., & Hara, S. (1996). An overview of multicarrier CDMA. In Proceeding IEEE 4th ISC (Vol. 1, pp. 107–114), September 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Prasad, R., & Lee, R. V. (2000). OFDM wireless multimedia communications. Norwood: Artech House.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Yee, N., Linnartz, J. P., & Fettweis, G. (1993). Multicarrier CDMA in indoor wireless radio networks. In Proceeding IEEE PIMRC’93 (pp. 109–113), September 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Vandendorpe, L. (1995). Multitone spread spectrum multiple access communications systems in a multipath Rician fading channel. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 44, 327–337.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Kondo, S., & Milstein, L. B. (1996). Performance of multicarrier DS-CDMA systems. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 44, 238–246.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Rowitch, D. N., & Milstein, L. B. (1995). Coded multicarrier code division multiple access. In Proceeding international symposium on information theory (p. 23), September 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Sourour, E., & Nakagawa, M. (1996). Performance of orthogonal multicarrier CDMA in a multipath fading channel. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 44, 356–367.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Rowitch, D., & Milstein, L. B. (1999). Convolutionally coded multicarrier DS-CDMA system in a multipath fading channel part I: performance analysis. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 47, 1570–1582.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Oh, J. H., Kim, K. D., & Milstein, L. B. (2001). Convolutionally coded and spectrum–overlapped multicarrier DS-CDMA systems in a multipath fading channel. ETRI Journal, 23, 177–189.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Ugweje, O. C. (2002). Performance analysis of convolutionally coded multicarrier DS-CDMA system in Nakagami fading. In Proceeding IEEE VTC’02 (pp. 1522–1526), May 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Ugweje, O. C., Khorbotly, S., & Madubata, C. (2003). Performance of convolutionally coded multicode spread spectrum CDMA system. In Proceeding IEEE GLOBECOM’03 (Vol. 6, pp. 3412–3416), December 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Stirling-Gallacher, R. A., & Povey, G. J. R. (1997). Performance of a OFDM-CDMA system with orthogonal convolutional coding and interference cancellation. In Proceeding IEEE 47th vehicular technology conference (pp. 860–864), May 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Ebrahimi, M., & Nasiri-Kenari, M. (2004). Performance analysis of multicarrier frequency hopping CDMA: uncoded and coded schemes. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 53, 968–981.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Zexian, L., & Latva-aho, M. (2003). Performance of space-time block coded MC-CDMA in Nakagami fading channels. IEE Electronics Letters, 39, 222–224.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Azmi, P., & Enayati, A. R. (2009). Low rate channel coding scheme for Replica MT-CDMA communication system. Telecommunication Systems, 41, 159–171.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Proakis, J. G. (2001). Advanced digital communications. New York: McGraw-Hill.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Viterbi, A. J. (1995). Principle of spread spectrum. New York: Addison-Wesley.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Li, J., Letaief, K. B., & Zhigang, C. (2001). A group oriented multiuser detection with beamforming for multi-carrier CDMA systems. In Proceeding IEEE GLOBECOM’01 (Vol. 2, pp. 733–737), November 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Vook, F., & Baum, K. (1998). Adaptive antennas for OFDM. In Proceeding IEEE VTC (Vol. 1, pp. 606–610), May 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Li, Y., & Sollenberger, N. R. (1999). Adaptive antenna array for OFDM system with cochannel interference. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 47, 217–229.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Okada, M., & Komaki, S. (2001). Pre-DFT combining space diversity assisted COFDM. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 50, 487–496.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Hara, S., Budsabathon, M., & Hara, Y. (2004). A Pre-FFT OFDM adaptive antenna array with eigenvector combining. In Proceeding IEEE ICC’2004 (Vol. 4, pp. 2412–2416), June 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Matsuoka, H., & Shoki, H. (2003). Comparison of pre-FFT and post-FFT processing adaptive arrays for OFDM systems in the presence of co-channel interference. In Proceeding IEEE PIMRC’2003 (Vol. 2, pp. 1603–1607), September 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Bartolome, D., & Perez-Neira, A. (2002). Pre and post-FFT SIMO array techniques in HIPERLAN/2 environments. In Proceeding IEEE VTC’02 (Vol. 3, pp. 1140–1144), May 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Alihemmati, R., Shishegar, A. A., Hojjat, N., & Dadashzadeh, G. (2005). Comparison of the smart antenna architectures for OFDM-WLAN systems in a rich multipath environment based on a spatio-temprol channel model. In Proceeding PIMRC’05 (Vol. 1, pp. 97–101), September 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Alihemmati, R., Jedari, E., Enayati, A. R., Shishegar, A. A., & Golparvar Roozbahani, M. (2006). Performance of Pre/Post FFT smart antenna methods for OFDM-based wireless LANs in an indoor channel with interference. In Proceeding ICC’06 (Vol. 9, pp. 4291–4296), June 2006.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Vandenameele, P. et al. (1999). A combined OFDM/SDMA approach for WLAN. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 18, 2312–2321.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Munster, M., & Hanzo, L. (2000). Co-channel interference cancellation techniques for antenna array assisted multiuser OFDM systems. In Proceeding IEE 3G conference (Vol. 1, pp. 256–260), March 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Kim, C. K., & Cho, Y. S. (2000). Performance of a wireless MC-CDMA with an antenna array in a fading channel: Reverse link. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 48(8), 1257–1261.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Kim, C. K. et al. (2000). Performance analysis of an MC-CDMA system with antenna array in a fading channel. IEICE Transactions on Communications, E83-B(1), 84–92.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Lok, T. M., Wong, T. F., & Lehnert, J. S. (1999). Blind adaptive signal reception for MC-CDMA systems in Rayleigh channels. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 47(3), 464–471.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Hassibi, B. et al. (2001). On the expected complexity of sphere decoding. In Proceeding IEEE ACSSC (Vol. 2, pp. 1051–1055), November 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Ghosh, M. et al. (2005). Reduced-complexity ML detection for coded MIMO systems using an absolute-value search. In Proceeding of ICASSP (Vol. 3, pp. 1025–1028), March 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Li, J., Letaief, K. B., & Cao, Z. (2004). A reduced-complexity maximum-likelihood method for multiuser detection. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 52, 289–295.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Enayati, A. R. et al. (2006). Reduced complexity maximum likelihood multiuser detection for OFDM-based IEEE 802.11a WLANs utilizing post-FFT mode. In Proceeding PIMRC’2006 (pp. 1–5), September 2006.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Budsabathon, M. et al. (2004). Optimum beam forming for pre-FFT OFDM adaptive antenna array. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 53(4), 945–955.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Enayati, A. R., & Salahi, A. (2008). A novel channel coding scheme for smart antenna based MC-CDMA systems mid two-step reduced complexity multiuser detection algorithm. In Proceeding IEEE ISWCS’08 (pp. 295–299), October 2008.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Enayati, A. R., Azmi, P., & Salahi, A. (2009). A novel bandwidth efficient channel coding scheme using super orthogonal code- based Turbo code for S/P-Replica MT-CDMA system. IEICE ELEX Journal, 6(17), 1272–1280.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Enayati, A. R., & Azmi, P. (2005). A bandwidth efficient channel coding scheme for MC-CDMA system over frequency non-selective Rayleigh fading channels. In Proceeding ICEE 2005 (pp. 572–577), May 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Moher, M. (1998). An iterative multiuser decoder for near-capacity communications. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 46(7), 870–880.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Alexander, P. D., Reed, M. C., Asenstorfer, J. A., & Schlegel, C. B. (1999). Iterative multiuser interference reduction: Turbo CDMA. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 47(7), 1008–1014.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Berrou, C., Glavieux, A., & Thitimajshima, P. (1993). Near Shannon limit error correcting coding and decoding: Turbo-codes. In Proceeding IEEE international conference on communications (pp. 1064–1070), May 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  46. Giallorenzi, T. R., & Wilson, S. G. (1996). Multiuser ML sequence estimator for convolutional coded asynchronous DS-CDMA systems. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 44, 997–1008.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Reed, M. C., Schelegel, C. B., Alesander, P. D., & Asenstorfer, J. A. (1998). Iterative multiuser detection for DS-CDMA with FEC: near-single-user performance. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 46, 1693–1699.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Li, J., Letaief, K. B., & Cao, Z. (2004). Reduced complexity MAP-based iterative multiuser detection for coded multicarrier CDMA systems. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 52(11).

  49. Wu, P. H. Y. (2001). On the complexity of turbo decoding algorithms. In Proceeding IEEE VTC’01 (Vol. 2, pp. 1439–1443), May 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  50. Da Silva, V. M., & Sousa, E. S. (1994). Multicarrier orthogonal signals for quasi synchronous communication systems. IEEE Journal on Selective Areas Communication, 12, 842–852.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Varzakas, P., & Tombras, G. S. (2005). Spectral efficiency of a cellular MC/DS-CDMA system in Rayleigh fading. International Journal of Communications Systems, 18(8), 795–801.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ali Reza Enayati.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Enayati, A.R., Azmi, P., Taghinia, Y. et al. A novel bandwidth efficient SOC-based turbo coding scheme mid reduced complexity MUD for SA-based MC-CDMA systems. Telecommun Syst 50, 71–88 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-010-9389-9

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-010-9389-9

Keywords

Navigation