Abstract
With the rapid development of advanced technology in VLSI circuit designs, many processors could provide dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) to save power consumption when the supply voltage is allowed to be lower. In this paper, we propose a multiprocessor-oriented power-conscious scheduling algorithm for the real-time periodic tasks with task migration constrained scheme. We classify periodic tasks into fixed tasks and migration tasks, and limit the number of migration tasks and the number of destination processors which execute migration tasks. The proposed algorithm is made up of two steps. Firstly, choosing a processor to sort all of the periodic tasks in a non-increasing order according to task utilization, afterwards, allocating them to other processors. Secondly, scheduling the migration tasks with a virtual execution windows policy, and then scheduling the fixed tasks with EDF algorithm. The experiment results show that compared with arbitrary task migration policy and no task migration allowed policy, the power consumption in multiprocessor real-time periodic tasks scheduling is lowered significantly with the proposed algorithm.







Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.References
Qi, X., Zhu, D., & Aydin, H. (2011). Global scheduling based reliability-aware power management for multiprocessor real-time systems. Real-Time Systems, 47(2), 109–142.
Xu, R., Mosse, D., & Melhem, R. (2007). Minimizing expected energy consumption in real-time systems through dynamic voltage scaling. ACM Transactions on Computer Systems, 25(4).
Zhu, D., Melhem, R., & Childers, B. R. (2003). Scheduling with dynamic voltage/speed adjustment using slack reclamation in multi-processor real-time systems. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 14(7), 686–700.
Chen, J. J., Yang, C. Y., Lu, H. I., & Kuo, T. W. (2008). Approximation algorithms for multiprocessor energy-efficient scheduling of periodic real-time tasks with uncertain task execution time. In Proceedings of IEEE RTAS 2008 (pp. 13–23).
Devadas, V., & Aydin, H. (2012). On the interplay of voltage/frequency scaling and device power management for frame-based real-time embedded applications. IEEE Transactions on Computers, 61(1), 31–44. doi:10.1109/TC.2010.248.
Devadas, V., & Aydin, H. (2010). DFR-EDF: a unified energy management framework for real-time systems. In Proceedings of RTAS 2010 (pp. 121–130).
Chen, J.-J., & Kuo, T.-W. (2005). Multiprocessor energy-efficient scheduling for real-time tasks with different power characteristics. In Proceedings of ICPP 2005 (pp. 13–20).
Funk, S., & Baruah, S. (2004). Restricting EDF migration on uniform multiprocessors. In Proceedings of the 12th international conference on real-time systems.
Anderson, J., Bud, V., & Devi, U. C. (2005). An edf-based scheduling algorithm for multiprocessor soft real-time systems. In Proceedings of IEEE ECRTS 2005 (pp. 199–208).
Yolken, B., & Bambos, N. (2011). Game based capacity allocation for utility computing environments. Telecommunications Systems, 47(1–2), 165–181.
Devadas, V., Li, F., & Aydin, H. (2010). Competitive analysis of online real-time scheduling algorithms under hard energy constraint. Real-Time Systems, 46(1), 88–120.
Chandrakasan, A., Sheng, S., & Broderson, R. (1992). Lower-power CMOS digital design. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, 27(4), 473–484.
Gzara, F., & Erkut, E. (2011). Telecommunications network design with multiple technologies. Telecommunications Systems, 46(2), 149–161.
Burd, T. D., & Brodersen, R. W. (1995). Energy efficient CMOS microprocessor design. In Proceedings of the 28th annual Hawaii international conference on system sciences (pp. 288–297).
Gu, X. (2002). Performance analysis and improvement for some linear on-line bin-packing algorithms. Journal of Combinatorial Optimization, 6, 455–471.
Acknowledgements
This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61020106001 and No. 61272431), the Scientific Research Foundation for the Excellent Middle-Aged and Youth Scientists of Shandong Province (Grant No. BS2012DX028 and BS2011DX024), Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. ZR2012FM002, ZR2011FL020, and ZR2011FL029), the Humanities and Social Sciences Project of Education Ministry (Grant No. 13YJC860023), and the Doctoral Foundation of Shandong University of Finance and Economics (Grant No. B13034). We also appreciate the anonymous reviewers for thoroughly reading the paper and providing thoughtful comments.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Liu, Z., Zhao, W., Li, Z. et al. A multiprocessor-oriented power-conscious scheduling algorithm for periodic tasks. Telecommun Syst 53, 115–122 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-013-9684-3
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-013-9684-3