Abstract
In this paper, we have proposed Link Pair Method (LPM) and Improved Double Cycle (IDB) method based on pre-Configured Cycles (p-cycles) for two-link failure protection in optical networks. We have compared Double Cycle (DB), IDB and LPM method on the basis of spare capacity and computation time. We have observed a reduction in the required spare capacity for IDB as compared to the DB method. We achieved this reduction by assigning priority to the p-cycles of the protection pair for each link. We also found that assigning priority reduces the number of variables and constraints required to formulate the integer linear program of IDB as compared to the DB method thereby reducing the computational resources. The LPM method considers all the possible pair of links in the optical network and selects the non-intersecting sets of p-cycles for each pair of links. Our complexity analysis and simulation result shows that the LPM requires significantly less number of variables and computational time compared to the DB and IDB methods. We also show that LPM method is capable to compute spare capacity of larger networks for which DB and IDB methods fail.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ramaswami, R., Sivarajan, K. N., & Sasaki, G. H. (2010). Chapter 9–network survivability. In R. Ramaswami, K. N. Sivarajan, & G. H. Sasaki (Eds.), Optical networks (3rd ed., pp. 511–572). Boston: Morgan Kaufmann.
Simmons, J. M. (2014). Optical protection (pp. 277–347). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
Feng, T., Long, L., Kamal, A. E., & Ruan, L. (2010). Two-link failure protection in wdm mesh networks with p-cycles. Computer Networks, 54(17), 3068–3080.
Choi, H., Subramaniam, S., & Choi, H.-A. (2004). Loopback recovery from double-link failures in optical mesh networks. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, 12(6), 1119–1130.
He, W., Sridharan, M., & Somani, A. K. (2005). Capacity optimization for surviving double-link failures in mesh-restorable optical networks. Photonic Network Communications, 9(1), 99–111.
Yadav, D. S., Rana, S., & Prakash, S. (2013). A mixed connection recovery strategy for surviving dual link failure in wdm networks. Optical Fiber Technology, 19(2), 154–161.
Zhang, X., Li, K., & She, T. (2013). Capacity planning providing 100% survivability against double-link failures for wdm networks. Photonic Network Communications, 25(3), 189–198.
Guo, L. (2007). Surviving double-link failures for near optimal heuristic routing in protected optical networks. Optical Fiber Technology, 13(3), 226–230.
Clouqueur, M., & Grover, W. D. (2002). Availability analysis of span-restorable mesh networks. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 20(4), 810–821.
Tornatore, M., Maier, G., & Pattavina, A. (2005). Availability design of optical transport networks. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 23(8), 1520–1532.
Li, W., Doucette, J., & Zuo, M. (2007) P-cycle network design for specified minimum dual-failure restorability. In 2007 IEEE international conference on communications, pp. 2204–2210.
Azim, M. M. A., & Kabir, M. N. (2015). Availability analysis of shared backup path protection under multiple-link failure scenario in wdm networks. Annals of Telecommunications, 70(5), 249–262.
Wang, W., & Doucette, J. (2016). Dual-failure availability analysis of span-restorable mesh networks. Journal of Network and Systems Management, 24(3), 534–556.
Zhang, W., Zhang, J., Li, X., Luo, G., Zhao, Y., Gu, W., & Huang, S. (2017). Preconfigured k-edge-connected structures (p-kecs) against multiple link failures in optical networks. Optik–International Journal for Light and Electron Optics, 138(Suppl C):214–222.
Ma, C., Zhang, J., Zhao, Y., Yuan, J., Shi, Y., Huang, S., et al. (2015). Preconfigured ball (p-ball) protection method with minimum backup links for dual-link failure in optical mesh networks. IEEE Communications Letters, 19(3), 363–366.
Huang, S., Guo, B., Li, X., Zhang, J., Zhao, Y., & Gu, W. (2014). Pre-configured polyhedron based protection against multi-link failures in optical mesh networks. Optics Express, 22, 2386.
Nakayama, K., Benson, K. E., Avagyan, V., Dillencourt, M. B., Bic, L. F., & Venkatasubramanian, N. (2013). Tie-set based fault tolerance for autonomous recovery of double-link failures. In 2013 IEEE symposium on computers and communications (ISCC) (pp. 000391–000397).
Schupke, D. A. (2003). Multiple failure survivability in wdm networks with p-cycles. In Proceedings of the 2003 international symposium on circuits and systems, 2003. ISCAS ‘03, 5(17):III.
Schupke, D. A. (2003). The tradeoff between the number of deployed p-cycles and the survivability to dual fiber duct failures. In IEEE international conference on communications, 2003. ICC ’03 (Vol. 2, pp. 1428–1432).
Grover, W. D., & Kodian, A. (2005). Multiple-quality of protection classes including dual-failure survivable services in p-cycle networks. In 2nd International conference on broadband networks, 2005. BroadNets 2005, (Vol. 1, No. 10, pp. 231–240).
Akpuh, J., & Doucette, J. (2009). Enhanced failure-specific p-cycle network dual-failure restorability design and optimization. Journal of Optical Networking, 8(1), 1–13.
Mouftah, H. T., & Wang, H. (2005). P-cycles in multi-failure network survivability. In Proceedings of 2005 7th international conference on transparent optical networks, 2005, (Vol. 1, No. 4, pp. 381–384).
Eiger, M. I., Luss, H., & Shallcross, D. F. (2012). Network restoration under dual failures using path-protecting preconfigured cycles. Telecommunication Systems, 49(3), 271–286.
Singh, Y. N., & Athe, P. (2017). Innovative method for two link failure protection. arXiv:1701.00898. Accessed 21 Apr 2017.
Babayev, D. A., & Mardanov, S. S. (1994). Reducing the number of variables in integer and linear programming problems. Computational Optimization and Applications, 3(2), 99–109.
Shen, G., & Grover, W. D. (2003). Extending the p-cycle concept to path segment protection for span and node failure recovery. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 21(8), 1306–1319.
Sack, A., & Grover, W. D. (2004). Hamiltonian p-cycles for fiber-level protection in semi-homogeneous homogeneous and optical networks. IEEE Network, 18(2), 49–56.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Athe, P., Singh, Y.N. Improved double cycle and link pair methods for two-link failure protection. Telecommun Syst 74, 83–93 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-019-00637-w
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-019-00637-w