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A survey on QoS routing protocols in Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET)

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Abstract

Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) is an emerging new technology and a promising approach for Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) domain. Many researchers focused on the creation of reliable, scalable and efficient routing protocols for VANET and improve their Quality of Service (QoS). Communication among vehicular nodes which enable drivers to take appropriate decision needs a high reliability, therefore the design of a routing protocol that ensures a certain level of QoS, represents one of the most important challenges of the vehicular networks, because VANET are characterized by specific features, such as restricted mobility, high node speed and a very dynamic topology. keeping in view of the above, this paper provides a detailed description of various existing QoS routing protocols in literature with an aim to classify them. Based on the optimization methods used to improve routing protocols in VANET, we have surveyed and classified the routing protocols into two classes, QoS routing protocols not based on meta-heuristics and QoS routing protocols based on meta-heuristics.

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Abbreviations

A-AODV:

Ant Colony Optimization-AODV

ABC:

Artificial Bee Colony

ACO:

Ant Colony Optimization

ACO-EG:

Ant Colony Optimization Routing Algorithm Based on Evolving Graph

ADSR:

Ant Colony Based Dynamic Source Routing For VANET

AODV:

AD-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector

AQRV:

Adaptive QoS based Routing for Vehicle network

ARDt:

Average Routing Discovery time

ARRr:

Average Routing Replay ratio

B-ants:

Backward ants

BSC-GA:

Genetic Algorithm-Based Sparse Coverage Over Urban VANETs

BSC:

Budgeted Sparse Coverage

CALAR-DD:

Cache Agent based Location Aided Routing using Distance and Direction

CB-QoS-VANET:

Multiconstrained QoS-Compliant Routing Scheme for Highway-Based Vehicular Networks

CJBR:

Connected Junction-Based routing Protocol

COMES:

COoperative service-based MEssage Sharing

CP:

Connectivity Probability

DE:

Differential Evolution

DFS:

Depth First Search

DSRC:

Dedicated Short Range Communication

DSR:

Dynamic Source Routing

DTN:

Delay Tolerant Network

DTRP:

QoS Support in Delay Tolerant Vehicular AdHoc Networks

E2ED:

End-to-End Delay

EDD:

Expected Disconnection Degree

EG:

Evolving Graph

EG-RAODV:

Evolving Graph-Based Reliable Routing Scheme for VANETs

EIAC-ABCMR:

Enhanced and Integrated Ant Colony-Artificial Bee Colony oriented Multicast Routing

Fants:

Forward ants

G-NET:

Genetic Network Protocol

GA:

Genetic Algorithm

GABR:

Genetic Algorithm Based QoS Perception

Geo-PSO:

Geocast routing based on Particl Swarm optimization

GHR:

Generic Geographical Heuristic Routing protocol

GPS:

Geographic Position System

HC:

Hop Cont

I-OLSR:

Intelligent-OLSR

IBR:

Intersection Based Routing

ICAIR:

Improved Connectivity Aware Intersection based Routing protocol

idle time:

Percentage idle time

IGAROT:

Improved Genetic Algorithm-based Route Optimization Technique

ITS:

Intelligent Transportation Systems

JTAEG:

Journeys Traversal Algorithm on Evolving Graph

LF:

Link failure

LMQ:

Local QoS Models

M-OLSR:

Modified Optimized Link State Routing Protocol

MABC:

Micro-Artificial Bee Colony based multicast routing in vehicular ad hoc network

MAC:

Media Access Control

MANET:

Mobil Ad Hoc Network

MAS:

Multi Agents System

M-DVRP:

Multiobjective Dynamic Vehicle Routing Problem

MPLS:

Multi-Protocol Label Switching

MPR:

Multi-Point Relay

MQBV:

Multicast QoS swarm Bee routing for Vehicular ad hoc networks

MRJ:

Most Reliable Journey

MURU:

Multi Hop Routing Protocol for Urban Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

NHV:

Next Hop Vehicle

NL:

Network Load

NOL:

Normalized Overhead Load

NRL:

Normalized Routing Load

NSCPs:

Number of Sent Control Packets

OFAODV:

Optimized Fuzzy AODV

OLSR-SA:

Optimization Techniques of Optimized Link State Routing Protocol in VANETs

P-GEDIR:

Peripheral node based GEographic DIstance Routing

PDR:

Packet Delivery Ratio

PLoss:

Packet Loss

PSO-C-MADSDV:

Destination-Sequenced DistanceVector Routing protocol(DSDV) based on the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and the Multi-Agent System (MAS)

PSO-DREAM+SIFT:

Particle Swarm Optimization based Routing Protocol for VANET

PSO:

Particle Swarm Optimization

PSOR:

Particle Swarm Optimization based Routing Method for Vehicular Ad hoc Network

QoS:

Quality of Service

QoS-ACOMpVS:

QoS-aware multi-path video streaming for ur-ban VANETs using ACO algorithm

QoS BeeVANET:

QoS Swarm Bee Routing Protocol for VANET

RALAR:

Genetic Optimized Location Aided Routing Protocol for VANET Based on Rectangular Estimation of Position

RBF:

Radial Basis Function

RBN:

Roadside Backbone Network

RPVSANN:

Routing Protocol for Vehicular ad hoc networks using Simulated Annealing algorithm and Neural Networks

RREQ:

Route Request

RReqr:

Routing Request ratio

SA:

Simulated Annealing

RSU:

Road Side Unit

SAMQ:

Situation-Aware QoS Routing Algorithm for Vehicular ad hoc networks

SAw:

Situational Awareness

SMT:

Steiner Minimum Tree

TCP:

Transmission Control Protocol

TLRC:

Traffic-light-aware Routing Protocol based on Street Connectivity for urban vehicular ad hoc networks

TS:

Tabu Search

TS-PSO:

Time Seed Based Solution Using Particle Swarm Optimization

V2I:

Vehicle to Infrastructure communication

V2V:

Vehicle to Vehicle communication

VANET:

Vehicular Ad Hoc Network

VoEG:

VANET-oriented Evolving Graph

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  1. LaMOS, Laboratory of Modeling and Optimization of Systems, University of Bejaia, Targa Ouzemour, 06000, Bejaia, Algeria

    Fatima Belamri, Samra Boulfekhar & Djamil Aissani

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Belamri, F., Boulfekhar, S. & Aissani, D. A survey on QoS routing protocols in Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET). Telecommun Syst 78, 117–153 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-021-00797-8

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