Skip to main content
Springer Nature Link
Log in

A reduced peak-to-average power ratio algorithm based on PMI mode in NR

  • Published:
Telecommunication Systems Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing technology, as a key technology of NR air interface transmission, has the advantages of resisting frequency selective fading and narrowband interference, but the problem of high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) is easy to cause semiconductor devices to work in the nonlinear region. There are serious problems with intermodulation component, in-band interference, and out-band spectrum regeneration. Especially in NR 3GPP R15 protocol, the PAPR of the demodulation reference signal symbol is further increased when the three or four-layer beamforming is carried out based on the precoding matrix indicator (PMI) mode. The paper analyzes the cause of this problem, theoretically. And in order to solve the above problem, a rotation factor algorithm based on step gradient is proposed. The simulation results show that the algorithm can effectively reduce the PAPR of DMRS symbol in PMI mode without affecting the demodulation performance of data symbols and is easy to implement in engineering with low computational complexity.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18
Fig. 19
Fig. 20

Similar content being viewed by others

Explore related subjects

Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.

References

  1. Gimenez, J. J., et al. (2019). 5G new radio for terrestrial broadcast: a forward-looking approach for NR-MBMS. IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting, 65(2), 356–368.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Wunder, G., Fischer, R. F. H., Boche, H., Litsyn, S., & No, J.-S. (2013). The PAPR problem in OFDM transmission: new directions for a long-lasting problem. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 30(6), 130–144.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Kim, M., Lee, W., & Cho, D. H. (2017). A novel PAPR reduction scheme for OFDM system based on deep learning. IEEE Communications Letters, 22(3), 510–513.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Sohn, I., & Kim, S. C. (2015). Neural network based simplified clipping and filtering technique for PAPR reduction of OFDM signals. IEEE Communications Letters, 19(8), 1438–1441.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Hwang, T., Yang, C., Wu, G., et al. (2009). OFDM and its wireless applications: a survey. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 58(4), 1673–1694.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Xing, Z., Li, Y., Peng, D., & Xia, S. (2023). Curve fitting based piecewise nonlinear companding scheme for PAPR reduction in OFDM systems. IEEE Communications Letters, 27(2), 681–685.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Rakshit, M., Bhattacharjee, S., Garai, G., et al. (2021). Advanced switching DE algorithm based PTS companding technique for PAPR reduction in OFDM systems. Telecommunication Systems, 77, 109–128.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Omar, M. S., Qi, J., & Ma, X. (2023). Mitigating clipping distortion in multicarrier transmissions using tensor-train deep neural networks. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 22(3), 2127–2138.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Baruffa, G., Rugini, L., Frescura, F., et al. (2023). Low-complexity PAPR reduction by coded data insertion on DVB-T2 reserved carriers. IEEE Access, 11, 73377–73393.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. 3GPP. Retrieved September 13, 2023, from https://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/archive/38_series/38.211/38211-f20.zip

  11. Duranay, A. E., Memisoglu, E., Özbakiş, B., et al. (2023). Phase rotation approach with mixed-numerology architecture for PAPR reduction in 5G and beyond. IEEE Access, 11, 48113–48122.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Zhang, S.-Y., & Shahrrava, B. (2021). A SLM scheme for PAPR reduction in polar coded OFDM-IM systems without using side information. IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting, 67(2), 463–472.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Beijing Smart-Chip Microelectronics Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100192, China

    Hequn Zhu, Xu Zhao, Dejian Li, Yubo Wang & Yubing Zhang

  2. State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company, Jinan, 250001, Shandong, China

    Zhenghao Li & Han Liu

Authors
  1. Hequn Zhu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  2. Xu Zhao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  3. Dejian Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  4. Yubo Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  5. Yubing Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  6. Zhenghao Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  7. Han Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

Problem analysis, algorithm design and simulation experiments were performed by HZ. The first draft of the manuscript was written by HZ. In the second draft of the manuscript, YW and DL provided the simulation data of the traditional algorithms and the analysis of the algorithm complexity, and ZL and HL added the analysis of the literature. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hequn Zhu.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zhu, H., Zhao, X., Li, D. et al. A reduced peak-to-average power ratio algorithm based on PMI mode in NR. Telecommun Syst 85, 539–550 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-024-01100-1

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-024-01100-1

Keywords