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Importance First: Generating Scene Graph of Human Interest

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Abstract

Scene graph aims to faithfully reveal humans’ perception of image content. When humans look at a scene, they usually focus on their interested parts in a special priority. This innate habit indicates a hierarchical preference about human perception. Therefore, we argue to generate the Scene Graph of Interest which should be hierarchically constructed, so that the important primary content is firstly presented while the secondary one is presented on demand. To achieve this goal, we propose the Tree–Guided Importance Ranking (TGIR) model. We represent the scene with a hierarchical structure by firstly detecting objects in the scene and organizing them into a Hierarchical Entity Tree (HET) according to their spatial scale, considering that larger objects are more likely to be noticed instantly. After that, the scene graph is generated guided by structural information of HET which is modeled by the elaborately designed Hierarchical Contextual Propagation (HCP) module. To further highlight the key relationship in the scene graph, all relationships are re-ranked through additionally estimating their importance by the Relationship Ranking Module (RRM). To train RRM, the most direct way is to collect the key relationship annotation, which is the so-called Direct Supervision scheme. As collecting annotation may be cumbersome, we further utilize two intuitive and effective cues, visual saliency and spatial scale, and treat them as Approximate Supervision, according to the findings that these cues are positively correlated with relationship importance. With these readily available cues, the RRM is still able to estimate the importance even without key relationship annotation. Experiments indicate that our method not only achieves state-of-the-art performances on scene graph generation, but also is expert in mining image-specific relationships which play a great role in serving subsequent tasks such as image captioning and cross-modal retrieval.

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Notes

  1. For convenience, we use “anchor” to refer to the target object that we consider in following parts.

  2. Source code and our collected dataset are available at https://github.com/Kenneth-Wong/TGIR.

  3. There exist some differences between the performances of our conference version and this paper.

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Acknowledgements

This work is partially supported by Natural Science Foundation of China under contracts Nos. U21B2025, U19B2036, 61922080, and National Key R &D Program of China No. 2021ZD0111901.

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  1. Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China

    Wenbin Wang, Ruiping Wang, Shiguang Shan & Xilin Chen

  2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Wenbin Wang, Ruiping Wang, Shiguang Shan & Xilin Chen

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Wang, W., Wang, R., Shan, S. et al. Importance First: Generating Scene Graph of Human Interest. Int J Comput Vis 131, 2489–2515 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-023-01817-7

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