Abstract
The fast pacing diversity and evolution of wireless communications require a wide variety of baseband implementations within a short time-to-market. Besides, the exponentially increased design complexity and design cost of deep sub-micron silicon highly desire the designs to be reused as much as possible. This yields an increasing demand for reconfigurable/ programmable baseband solutions. Implementing all baseband functionalities on programmable architectures, as foreseen in the tier-2 SDR, will become necessary in the future. However, the energy efficiency of SDR baseband platforms is a major concern. This brings a challenging gap that is continuously broadened by the exploding baseband complexity. We advocate a system level approach to bridge the gap. Specifically, we fully leverage the advantages (programmability) of SDR platforms to compensate its disadvantages (energy efficiency). Highly flexible and dynamic baseband signal processing algorithms are designed and implemented to exploit the abundant dynamics in the environment and the user requirement. Instead of always performing the best effort, the baseband can dynamically and autonomously adjust its work load to optimize the average energy consumption. In this paper, we will introduce such baseband signal processing techniques optimized for SDR implementations. The methodology and design steps will be presented together with 3 representative case studies in HSDPA, WiMAX and 3GPP LTE.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Dejonghe, A., Bougard, B., Pollin, S., Craninckx, J., Bourdoux, A., Ven der Perre, L., et al. (2007). Green reconfigurable radio systems. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 24(3), 90–101.
Eberle, W., Bougard, B., Pollin, S., & Catthoor, F. (2005). From myth to methodology: Cross-layer design for energy-efficient wireless communication. In DAC ’05: Proceedings of the 42nd annual conference on design automation (pp. 303–308). New York: ACM.
van Berkel, K., Heinle, F., Meuwissen, P.P.E., Moerman, K., & Weiss, M. (2005). Vector processing as an enabler for software-defined radio in handheld devices. EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing, 2005(1), 2613–2625.
Ramacher, U. (2007). Software-defined radio prospects for multistandard mobile phones. Computer, 40(10), 62–69.
Bougard, B., De Sutter, B., Rabou, S., Novo, D., Allam, O., Dupont, S., et al. (2008). A coarse-grained array based baseband processor for 100 mbps + software defined radio. In Design, automation and test in Europe, 2008. DATE ’08, 10-14 March 2008 (pp. 716–721).
Rabaey, J.M. (2001). Wireless beyond the third generation wireless beyond the third generation: Facing the energy challenge. In ISLPED ’01: Proceedings of the 2001 international symposium on low power electronics and design (pp. 1–3). New York: ACM.
Lin, Y., Lee, H., Woh, M., Harel, Y., Mahlke, S., Mudge, T., et al. (2006). Soda: A low-power architecture for software radio. SIGARCH Computer Architecture News, 34(2), 89–101.
Glossner, J., Iancu, D., Lu, J., Hokenek, E., & Moudgill, M. (2003). A software-defined communications baseband design. IEEE Communications Society Magazine, 41(1), 120–128.
Bougard, B., Li, M., Novo, D., Van der Perre, L., & Catthoor, F. (2008). Bridging the energy gap in size, weight and power constrained software defined radio: Agile baseband processing as a key enabler. In IEEE International conference on acoustics, speech and signal processing, 2008. ICASSP 2008, 31 March 2008-4 April 2008 (pp. 5384–5387).
Sinha, A., Wang, A., & Chandrakasan, A. (2002). Energy scalable system design. IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration Systems, 10(2), 135–145.
Shih, E., Cho, S., Lee, F.S., Calhoun, B.H., & Chandrakasan, A. (2004). Design considerations for energy-efficient radios in wireless microsensor networks. Journal of VLSI Signal Processing Systems, 37(1), 77–94.
Srivastava, V., & Motani, M. (2005). Cross-layer design: A survey and the road ahead. IEEE Communications Society Magazine, 43(12), 112–119.
Li, M., Bougard, B., Horlin, F., Engels, M., Van Der Perre, L., & Catthoor, F. (2006). Quality-energy scalable chip level equalization for hsdpa. In Global telecommunications conference, 2006. GLOBECOM ’06, November, 2006 (pp. 1–6). Piscataway: IEEE.
Li, M., Bougard, B., Lopez-Estraviz, E., Bourdoux, A., Van Der Perre, L., & Catthoor, F. (2007). The quality-energy scalable ofdma modulation for low power transmitter and vliw processor based implementation. In Global telecommunications conference, 2007. GLOBECOM ’07, 26-30 November 2007 (pp. 2894–2898). Piscataway: IEEE.
Li, M., Xu, W., Bougard, B., Novo, D., Van Der Perre, L., & Catthoor, F. (2008). Daptive ssfe with dynamic search range and its 80–103 mbps flexible implementation. In Global telecommunications conference, 2008. GLOBECOM ’08 (pp. 1–6). Piscataway: IEEE.
Li, M., Bougard, B., Xu, W., Novo, D., Van Der Perre, L., & Catthoor, F. (2008). Selective spanning with fast enumeration: A near-ml mimo detector designed for parallel programmable architectures. In The IEEE international conference on communications (ICC) 2008, May 2008 (pp. 1–6).
Li, M., Bougard, B., Xu, W., Novo, D., Van Der Perre, L., & Catthoor, F. (2006). The optimization of near-ml mimo detector for sdr baseband on parallel programmable architectures. In The IEEE/ACM design automation and test in Europe (DATE) 2008, November 2006 (pp. 1–6).
Mei, B., Lambrechts, A., Verkest, D., Mignolet, J.-Y., & Lauwereins, R. (2005). Architecture exploration for a reconfigurable architecture template. IEEE Design and Test, 22(2), 90–101.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Li, M., Novo, D., Bougard, B. et al. Energy Aware Signal Processing for Software Defined Radio Baseband Implementation. J Sign Process Syst 63, 13–25 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11265-009-0359-y
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11265-009-0359-y