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Game theory and time utility functions for a radio aware scheduling algorithm for WiMAX networks

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Abstract

In WiMAX systems the Base Station scheduler plays a key role as it controls the sharing of the radio resources among the users. The goal of the scheduler is multiple: achieve fair usage of the resources, satisfy the QoS requirements of the users, maximize goodput, and minimize power consumption, and at the same time ensuring feasible algorithm complexity and system scalability. Since most of these goals are contrasting, scheduler designers usually focus their attention on optimizing one aspect only. In this scenario, we propose a scheduling algorithm (called \(\mathrm{GTS_N}\)) whose goal is to contemporaneously achieve efficiency and fairness, while also taking into account the QoS requirements and the channel state. \(\mathrm{GTS_N}\) exploits the properties of Time Utility Functions (TUFs) and Game Theory. Simulations prove that the performance of \(\mathrm{GTS_N},\) when compared to that of several well-known schedulers, is remarkable. \(\mathrm{GTS_N}\) provides the best compromise between the two contrasting objectives of fairness and efficiency, while QoS requirements are in most cases guaranteed. However, the exponential complexity introduced by the game theory technique makes it rather impractical and not computationally scalable for a large number of users. Thus we developed a suboptimal version, named sub-\(\mathrm{GTS_N}.\) We show that this version retains most of the features and performance figures of its brother, but its complexity is linear with the number of users.

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Notes

  1. With the term “flow” we mean a sequence of packets with homogeneous features and QoS requirements; a user may be associated with one or more flows.

  2. Note that in Mobile WiMAX a Mobile Station (MS) is a particular flavour of SS. In the present work, since our focus is on fixed scenarios, we always refer to SSs.

  3. Though WiMAX supports both Time and Frequency Division Duplex (TDD and FDD, respectively), most implementations favours TDD because of its advantages, such as more flexible sharing of bandwidth between uplink and downlink.

  4. We recall that packets must be served in FIFO order.

  5. Note that, according to our scheduler, each user has already ordered its packets into a FIFO queue (see Sect. 6), hence the dependence on i could actually be removed.

  6. This assumption permits to directly associate the performance results to the analysed scheduler, without any bias due to the backhaul network.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Via G. Caruso 16, Pisa, 56122, Italy

    Rosario G. Garroppo, Stefano Giordano, Davide Iacono & Luca Tavanti

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  1. Rosario G. Garroppo
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  2. Stefano Giordano
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  3. Davide Iacono
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  4. Luca Tavanti
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Correspondence to Luca Tavanti.

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Garroppo, R.G., Giordano, S., Iacono, D. et al. Game theory and time utility functions for a radio aware scheduling algorithm for WiMAX networks. Wireless Netw 17, 1441–1459 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-011-0357-4

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