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Moving network based on mmWave technology: a promising solution for 5G vehicular users

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Abstract

Mobile connectivity is a vital requirement for people’s everyday life. Users would like to have unlimited access to information for anyone, anywhere, and anytime, especially in public means of transport where they spend a lot of time travelling. The connectivity to Internet becomes difficult for passengers because public transportation vehicles suffer from the low quality signal from the outside wireless network. A first solution to improve the broadband connectivity is to deploy more eNodeBs close to busses or train routes, but it requires high investment for providers and a higher complexity in managing the increasing number of handover. The rapid growth in the deployment of LTE femtocells for indoor use and their benefits have led many authors to propose using them even in vehicles, implementing the so-called Moving Networks. This paper shows that the use of pure LTE mobile femtocells exhibits relevant issues in terms of interference and consequently poor performance in a realistic use. In order to overcome these issues, we propose to adopt the millimeter Wave (mmWave) technology in the Moving Networks, creating the Hybrid Mobile Femtocells. In the paper we discuss the concerns arising from applying mmWave communications at 60 GHz inside vehicles. We provide a new throughput analysis in order to benchmark our proposal to the solutions presented in literature. Furthermore, we analyse the system performance in two different scenarios: a sub-urban setup and in an urban configuration where different kind of cells are deployed. The results obtained by Matlab simulations, show a noticeable improvement of the global system throughput by using Hybrid Mobile Femtocells.

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Abbreviations

\(SINR_{y}^{x}\) :

Signal to interference plus noise ratio measured in the link y (y ∈ [D, A, B]) using the solution x (x ∈ [W, N, O, H])

Th x :

Throughput of the Moving Network solution x (x ∈ [W, N, O, H])

Lzz (d):

Propagation model in the link zz at the distance d

S(σ i ):

Log-normal shadowing effect considering a standard deviation \(\sigma_{i}\)

D:

Direct link

A:

Access link

B:

Backhaul link

W:

Moving Network solution without MFAP

O:

Moving Network solution with L-MFAP that operates in orthogonal allocation scheme

N:

Moving Network solution with L-MFAP that operates in non-orthogonal allocation scheme

H:

Moving Network Solution with H-MFAP

If :

Interference contribution due to the neighboring L-MFAPs

IM :

Interference contribution due to the neighboring eNodeB

IMFAP :

Interference contribution of the nearby MFAP

Ip :

Interference contribution of the nearby picocells

NRB :

Number of LTE resource block

NUE :

Total number of user equipment

NVUE :

Number of vehicular user equipment

Nout_UE :

Number of outside user equipment

N:

Number of pico_UEs

NVUE,j :

Number of VUEs inside the MFAP j

\(Th_{VUE,jk}^{x}\) :

Throughput of the kth VUE inside the MFAP j, using the solution x

\(Th_{out\_UE,i}^{x}\) :

Throughput of the ith out_UE using the solution x

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Acknowledgements

Funding was provided by Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca (Grant No. PON 03PE_00132_1 “Servify”).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering, University of Catania, Catania, Italy

    Antonio Mastrosimone & Daniela Panno

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  1. Antonio Mastrosimone
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Correspondence to Antonio Mastrosimone.

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Mastrosimone, A., Panno, D. Moving network based on mmWave technology: a promising solution for 5G vehicular users. Wireless Netw 24, 2409–2426 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-017-1479-0

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