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A novel design methodology for extended continuous class-F power amplifiers in wireless applications

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Abstract

In this paper, an extended continuous class-F power amplifier (PA) is investigated, designed, and fabricated. The new auxiliary parameter \(\left(\beta +\alpha {\mathrm{cos}}^{2}\theta \right)\), is proposed to increase the efficiency in comparison with the old auxiliary parameter \(\left(1+\delta \mathrm{cos}\theta \right)\). A novel methodology based on the smith chart design space and the proposed auxiliary parameter is introduced and analyzed. The design methodology, by controlling harmonic interferences, expands the amplifier bandwidth to below 1 GHz (up to 200 MHz). The laterally diffused metal–oxide–semiconductor (LDMOS) is selected, and an optimal bias point for its best performance is considered. Also, microstrip feedback based on the low-impedance coupled line is designed to accomplish transistor unconditional stability. Then, a ladder network based on the radial lines is designed as a harmonic control circuit, which controls harmonics up to 5th into the proposed design space. To verify this design approach, an extended continuous class-F power amplifier is designed and fabricated to operate at 0.2–1.7 GHz frequency range. Measurement results of the implemented PA shown that the output power of 38–40.2 dBm and the power gain of 13–15.2 dB were obtained. In addition, the final PA achieved a remarkable 53–79% drain efficiency over the whole operation bandwidth.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Razi University, Tagh-E-Bostan, 67149, Kermanshah, Iran

    Sepehr Zarghami & Mohsen Hayati

  2. Electrical Engineering Department, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, 45435-0001, USA

    Marian K. Kazimierczuk

  3. Graduate School of Advanced Integration Science, Chiba University, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan

    Hiroo Sekiya

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  1. Sepehr Zarghami
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  2. Mohsen Hayati
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  4. Hiroo Sekiya
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Correspondence to Mohsen Hayati.

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Zarghami, S., Hayati, M., Kazimierczuk, M.K. et al. A novel design methodology for extended continuous class-F power amplifiers in wireless applications. Wireless Netw 27, 3947–3968 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-021-02718-8

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