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Optimal emplacement of sensors by orbit-electron theory in wireless sensor networks

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Abstract

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) play a significant role in various applications, ranging from cellphones to highly secure military operations in unmanned areas where continuous monitoring is required. Numerous studies on WSNs have been conducted to develop efficient algorithms that can reduce energy consumption and increase the lifetime of the entire network. In this work, the electron orbital topography algorithm is proposed for sensor deployment, which requires a smaller number of sensor nodes to cover a maximum area. In this method, the number of orbitals is estimated based on the degree of criticality of the vulnerable point. The number of sensors in each orbital is then calculated based on electron arrangement theory. After deploying a specific number of sensors in each orbital, the geographical region around the vulnerable point is divided into sectors. From each sector, a sector supervisor is elected based on the maximum residual energy of the node. Then, the cluster supervisor (CS) is selected from a set of sector supervisors located farthest from the most vulnerable point and possessing maximum residual energy. Subsequently, the virtual polygon network is formed by connecting the coordinates of the CS. The centroid of the polygon is calculated to place the sink in an optimal position from all the CS nodes. Using MATLAB for simulation, the results revealed that the number of sensors was reduced by 31.57%, packet loss decreased by 3.7%, and the area of coverage was improved by 14.7% in the proposed scheme compared to existing deployment strategies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of CSE, Kongu Engineering College, Erode, 638060, India

    Malathy Sathyamoorthy & Sangeetha Kuppusamy

  2. Graduate School, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam

    Anand Nayyar

  3. Faculty of Information Technology, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam

    Anand Nayyar

  4. School of Computing Science and Engineering, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India

    Rajesh Kumar Dhanaraj

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  1. Malathy Sathyamoorthy
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  4. Rajesh Kumar Dhanaraj
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Correspondence to Malathy Sathyamoorthy.

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Sathyamoorthy, M., Kuppusamy, S., Nayyar, A. et al. Optimal emplacement of sensors by orbit-electron theory in wireless sensor networks. Wireless Netw 28, 1605–1623 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-022-02919-9

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