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An innovative energy efficient routing protocol in MANET with hybridized osprey-fire hawk optimization algorithm to attain optimal routing constraints

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Abstract

A quickly deployable wireless, self-organizing, infrastructure-free network is Mobile Adhoc Networks (MANETs), they are particularly well suited for providing flawless communications during military surgeries, natural disasters, and crises without a radio infrastructure. Due to the changing dynamic topology and flexibility of the structures, security is the major concern in MANET. It is vulnerable to various attacks, including program modification, routing, and eavesdropping. When compared to Quality of Service (QoS) problems, the security problems on MANET are worse. Therefore, the best method to guarantee the security of MANET is intrusion tracking, it handles the network by recognizing violations. The efficacy and security of the MANET is increased by the intrusion detection approaches. The capacity of the cellular node to send packets is based on the overall system life, and it might also be altered by the power collapse of the node. For better navigation in MANET, the multi-paths and the routing protocol should be chosen carefully. Because of the constrained resources and changing dynamic topology, performing safe energy-efficient routing is difficult in MANET. Thus, it is highly crucial to resolve several challenges presented in the traditional routing techniques. So, a new routing technique for MANET is designed by considering the optimal routing constraints. Here, a new Hybridized Osprey and Fire Hawk Optimization Strategy (HO-FHOS) is employed to enhance the energy-efficient features in the routing process. The initiated routing protocol considers the route length in selecting the best route. Moreover, the optimal routing constraints such as distance, end-to-end delay, residual energy, link reliability, Packet Delivery Ratio, path loss, throughput, and route survival rate are achieved using the developed model (HO-FHOS). Hence, the implemented energy-efficient routing protocol secured a superior performance rate than the conventional energy-efficient routing schemes in the MANET model.

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Funding

This research did not receive any specific funding.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of CSE(IoT), K. S. R. College of Engineering, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, 637215, India

    N. Saravanan

  2. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 602105, India

    Rajesh Arunachalam & A. Karthikayen

  3. Department Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600119, India

    A. Sahaya Anselin Nisha

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  1. N. Saravanan
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  2. Rajesh Arunachalam
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  3. A. Sahaya Anselin Nisha
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  4. A. Karthikayen
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Contributions

NS, RA, ASN and Karthikayen. A designed the model, computational framework and carried out the implementation. RA performed the calculations and wrote the manuscript with all the inputs. NS, RA, ASN and Karthikayen. A discussed the results and contributed to the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Rajesh Arunachalam.

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Saravanan, N., Arunachalam, R., Nisha, A.S.A. et al. An innovative energy efficient routing protocol in MANET with hybridized osprey-fire hawk optimization algorithm to attain optimal routing constraints. Wireless Netw 31, 2005–2026 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-024-03867-2

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