Abstract
In this paper, a multicarrier code-division multiple-access (MC-CDMA) system employing antenna array at base station with quaternary phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation is proposed. This receiver adopts a space-frequency two-dimensional (2-D) Rake receiver structure. Based on the detailed analysis of the interference characteristics of the proposed system, the bit error rate (BER) performance of the system is provided. With regard to spatial domain combining, the optimum and suboptimum combining weight is derived, while the suboptimum set of weights is simplified on sense of that only the knowledge of array vector of desired user alone is sufficient for the combining. Simulation results verify the analysis and show that better performance is achieved for the proposed antenna array MC-CDMA system than the corresponding single antenna approach.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Gilhousen K.S., Jacobs I.M., Padovani R., Viterbi A., Weaver L.A., Wheatly C. (1991, May) On the capacity of a cellular CDMA system. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 40(2): 303–312
Yee, N., Linnartz, J. P., & Fettweis, G. (1993, September). Multicarrier CDMA in indoor Wireless Radio Networks. In Proceedings of IEEE PIMRC’93 (pp. 109–113). Yokohama, Japan.
Fazel, K., & Papke, L. (1993, Septermber). On the performance of convolutionally-coded CDMA/OFDM for mobile communication system. In Proceedings of IEEE PIMRC’93 (pp. 468–472). Yokohama, Japan.
Chouly, A., Brajal, A., & Jourdan, S. (1993, November). Orthogonal multicarrier techniques applied to direct sequence spread spectrum CDMA systems. In Proceedings of IEEE GLOBECOM’93 (pp. 1723–1728). Houston, USA.
Prasad R., Hara S. (1997, December) An overview of multi-carrier CDMA. IEEE Communications Magazine 35(12): 126–133
Weinstein S.B., Ebert P.M. (1971, October) Data transmission by frequency-division multiplexing using the discrete Fourier transform. IEEE Transactions on Communications 19(5): 628–634
Kondo S., Milstein L.B. (1996, February) Performance of multicarrier DS CDMA system. IEEE Transactions on Communications 44(2): 238–246
Sourour E.A., Nakagawa M.N. (1996, March) Performance of orthogonal multicarrier CDMA in a multipath fading channel. IEEE Transactions on Communications 44(3): 356–367
Naguib, A. F., Paulraj, A., & Kailath, T. “Capacity improvement with base-station antenna array in cellular CDMA,” IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 43,(3), 691–698.
Li C., Zhuang W. (2002, July) Hybrid TDOA/AOA mobile user location for wideband CDMA cellular systems. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 1(3): 439–447
Yang, W., & Cheng, S. X. (2002, September). A cumulant based DOA estimation for S-CDMA with decorrelator in spatial colored noise. In Proceedings of IEEE ISSSTA’2002 (pp. 566–570). Prague, Czechic.
Naguib A.F., Paulraj A. (1996, December) Performance of wireless CDMA with M-ary orthogonal modulation and cell site antenna arrays. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 14(9): 1770–1783
Anna M.D., Aghvami A.H. (1999, December) Performance of optimum and suboptimum combining at the antenna array of a W-CDMA system. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 17(12): 2123–2137
Yang, W., & Tan, Z. H. (2003, April). A cumulant-based 2D-RAKE receiver for CDMA system over frequency-selective fading channels. In Proceedings of IEEE VTC’2003 Spring (pp. 2080–2084). Jeju, Korea.
Kim K., Cho Y.S. (2000, August) Performance of MC-CDMA system with an antenna array in a fading channel: Reverse link. IEEE Transactions on Communications 48(8): 1257–1261
Chen, J. S., Yang, W., Li, S. M., & Tan, Z. H. (2004, May). Performance of MC-CDMA system with antenna array. In Proceedings of WWC’2004 (pp. 136–141). Los Angeles, USA.
Juntti M.J., Latva-aho M. (2000, May) Multiuser receivers for CDMA systems in Rayleigh fading channels. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 49(43): 885–899
Latva-aho, M., & Juntti, M. (1998, September). Modified LMMSE receiver for DS-CDMA—Part I: Performance analysis and adaptive implementations. In Proceedings of IEEE ISSSTA’1998 (pp. 652–657). Sun City, South Africa.
Torrieri D.J. (1992, May) Performance of direct-sequence systems with long pseudonoise sequences. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 10(4): 770–781
Gupta I.J., Ksienski A.A. (1982, July) Dependence of adaptive array performance on conventional array design. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation AP-30(4): 549–553
Salz, J., & Winters, J. H. (1993, June). Effect of fading correlation on adaptive arrays in digital wireless communications. In Proceedings of ICC’93, (pp. 1768–1774). Zurich, Switzerland.
Nørklit, O., Eggers, P., Zetterberg, P., & Andersen, J. B. (1996, September). The angular aspect of wideband modeling and measurements. In Proceedings of ISSSTA’96 (pp. 73–78). Mainz, Germany.
Petrus, P., Reed, J. H., & Rappaport, T. S. (1996, November). Geometrically based statistical channel model for macrocellular mobile environments. In Proceedings of IEEE GLOBECOM’96 (pp. 1197–1201). London, U.K.
Liberti, J. C. (1998, June). Measuring and modeling spatial radio channels for smart antenna systems. In Proceedings of IEEE AP’1998 (pp. 635–638). Atlana, USA.
Haykin S. (1996) Adaptive filter theory. Prentice-hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ
Proakis J.G. (1995) Digital communications. McGraw-Hill, New York
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yang, W., Chen, J., Tan, Z. et al. Performance of space-frequency combining at the antenna array of a MC-CDMA system. Wireless Pers Commun 43, 1351–1361 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-007-9309-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-007-9309-9