Skip to main content

Advertisement

Springer Nature Link
Log in

Two-Dimensional Direction of Arrival Estimation Using Generalized ESPRIT Algorithm with Non-uniform L-Shaped Array

  • Published:
Wireless Personal Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The aim of this study is to solve the problem of two-dimensional direction of arrival (2D-DOA) estimation for non-uniform L-shaped array by employing generalized ESPRIT (GESPRIT) algorithm. GESPRIT algorithm can be seen as an extension of conventional ESPRIT algorithm, which doesn’t require any particular array geometry. Our work is to extend this method to the 2D-DOA estimation case. The 2D-GESPRIT algorithm, which is referred to as the direct extension of GESPRIT algorithm, performs poorly in actual implementation. We make improvement by exploiting the 2D-NGESPRIT algorithm with reference to the NGESPRIT algorithm. To reduce the computational complexity, we propose a successive GESPRIT (S-GESPRIT) algorithm which needs only one-dimensional searches. The S-GESPRIT algorithm has comparable performance to the 2D-NGESPRIT algorithm and needs no additional pair-matching procedure. Furthermore, it imposes no constraints on the sensor spacing. We also derive the Cramer–Rao bound of 2D-DOA estimation for a non-uniform L-shaped array and conduct the computational complexity analysis. The simulation results verify the effectiveness and improvement of the proposed algorithms.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11

We’re sorry, something doesn't seem to be working properly.

Please try refreshing the page. If that doesn't work, please contact support so we can address the problem.

References

  1. Van Trees, H. L. (2004). Detection, estimation, and modulation theory, optimum array processing. London: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Wu, Y., Liao, G., & So, H. C. (2003). A fast algorithm for 2-D direction-of-arrival estimation. Signal Processing, 83(8), 1827–1831.

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  3. van der Veen, A. J., Ober, P. B., & Deprettere, E. F. (1992). Azimuth and elevation computation in high resolution DOA estimation. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 40(7), 1828–1832.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Hua, Y., Sarkar, T. K., & Weiner, D. D. (1991). An L-shaped array for estimating 2-D directions of wave arrival. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 39(2), 143–146.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Yin, Q. Y., Newcomb, R. W., & Zou, L. H. (1989). Estimating 2-D angles of arrival via two parallel linear arrays. In 1989 IEEE international conference on acoustics, speech, and signal processing, pp. 2803–2806.

  6. Zoltowski, M. D., Haardt, M., & Mathews, C. P. (1996). Closed-form 2-D angle estimation with rectangular arrays in element space or beamspace via unitary ESPRIT. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 44(2), 316–328.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Ye, Z., Xiang, L., & Xu, X. (2007). DOA estimation with circular array via spatial averaging algorithm. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 6, 74–76.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Wu, Y., Liao, G., & So, H. C. (2003). A fast algorithm for 2-D direction-of-arrival estimation. Signal Processing, 83(8), 1827–1831.

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. Tayem, N., & Kwon, H. M. (2005). L-shape 2-dimensional arrival angle estimation with propagator method. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 53(5), 1622–1630.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Wang, G., Xin, J., Zheng, N., & Sano, A. (2013). Computationally efficient method for joint azimuth-elevation direction estimation with L-shaped array. In Signal processing advances in wireless communications (SPAWC), 2013 IEEE 14th workshop on, pp. 470–474. IEEE.

  11. Wang, G., Xin, J., Zheng, N., & Sano, A. (2011). Computationally efficient subspace-based method for two-dimensional direction estimation with L-shaped array. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 59(7), 3197–3212.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  12. Liang, J., Zeng, X., Wang, W., & Chen, H. (2011). L-shaped array-based elevation and azimuth direction finding in the presence of mutual coupling. Signal Processing, 91(5), 1319–1328.

  13. Xiaofei, Z., Jianfeng, L., & Lingyun, X. (2011). Novel two-dimensional DOA estimation with L-shaped array. EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing, 1, 1–7.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Liu, D., & Liang, J. (2010). L-shaped array-based 2-D DOA estimation using parallel factor analysis. In Intelligent control and automation (WCICA), 2010 8th world congress on, pp. 6949–6952. IEEE.

  15. Zhang, X., Gao, X., & Chen, W. (2009). Improved blind 2D-direction of arrival estimation with L-shaped array using shift invariance property. Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, 23(5–6), 593–606.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Dong, Y., Wu, Y., & Liao, G. (2003). A novel method for estimating 2-D DOA. Journal of Xidian University, 30(5), 369–373.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Chen, J., Wang, S., & Wei, X. (2006). New method for estimating two dimensional direction of arrival based on L-shaped array. Journal of Jilin University (Engineering and Technology Edition), 36(4), 590–593.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Tang, B., Xiao, X., & Shi, T. (1999). A novel method for estimating spatial 2-D direction of arrival. Acta Electonica Sinica, 27(3), 104–106.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Gao, F., & Gershman, A. B. (2004). A generalized ESPRIT approach to direction-of-arrival estimation. IEEE Signal Processing Letters, 12(3), 254–257.

  20. Yee, A. S., & Ng B. P. (2011). An alternative approach to generalized ESPRIT with a better performance. Information, Communications and Signal Processing (ICICS) 2011 8th International Conference on. IEEE.

  21. Wang, G., Xin, J., Wu, J., Wang, J., Zheng, N., & Sano, A. (2012). New generalized ESPRIT for direction estimation and its mathematical link to RARE method. In Signal processing (ICSP), 2012 IEEE 11th international conference on, Vol. 1, pp. 360–363. IEEE.

  22. Liang, J., & Liu, D. (2010). Joint elevation and azimuth direction finding using L-shaped array. IEEE Transactions on Sensors and Propagation, 58(6), 2136–2141.

  23. Qadir, S. G., & Yangyu, F. (2012). A comment on “Joint elevation and Azimuth direction finding using L-shaped array”. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 60(7), 3546–3547.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  24. Marcos, S., Marsal, A., & Benidir, M. (1995). The propagator method for source bearing estimation. Signal Processing, 42(2), 121–138.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Di, A. (1985). Multiple source location—A matrix decomposition approach. IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 33(5), 1086–1091.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Wax, M., & Ziskind, I. (1989). Detection of the number of coherent signals by the MDL principle. IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 37(8), 1190–1196.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Wu, H. T., Yang, J. F., & Chen, F. K. (1994). Source number estimator using Gerschgorin disks. In Acoustics, speech, and signal processing, 1994. ICASSP-94, 1994 IEEE international conference on, Vol. 4, pp. IV-261. IEEE.

  28. He, J., Swamy, M. N. S., & Ahmad, M. O. (2011). Joint DOD and DOA estimation for MIMO array with velocity receive sensors. Signal Processing Letters, IEEE, 18(7), 399–402.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Xiaofei, Z., Ming, Z., Han, C., & Jianfeng, L. (2014). Two-dimensional DOA estimation for acoustic vector-sensor array using a successive MUSIC. Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing, 25(3), 583–600.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  30. Wang, F., Zhang, X., & Wang, F. (2014). Joint Estimation of TOA and DOA in IR-UWB system using a successive MUSIC algorithm. Wireless Personal Communications, 1–20.

  31. Stoica, P., & Nehorai, A. (1990). Performance study of conditional and unconditional direction-of-arrival estimation. Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, IEEE Transactions on, 38(10), 1783–1795.

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work is supported by China NSF Grants (61371169, 61301108, 61271327), Jiangsu Planned Projects for Postdoctoral Research Funds (1201039C), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2012M521099, 2013M541661), Open project of Key Laboratory of modern acoustic of Ministry of Education (Nanjing University), the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China (20120152001), Qing Lan Project, priority academic program development of Jiangsu high education institutions and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (NZ2012010, NS2013024, kfjj130114, kfjj130115).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China

    Renzheng Cao, Chenghua Wang & Xiaofei Zhang

  2. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Internet of Things and Control Technologies, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China

    Renzheng Cao

Authors
  1. Renzheng Cao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  2. Chenghua Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  3. Xiaofei Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Renzheng Cao.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Cao, R., Wang, C. & Zhang, X. Two-Dimensional Direction of Arrival Estimation Using Generalized ESPRIT Algorithm with Non-uniform L-Shaped Array. Wireless Pers Commun 84, 321–339 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-015-2610-0

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-015-2610-0

Keywords