Skip to main content
Springer Nature Link
Log in

Synchronization Algorithm for STBC MIMO-OFDM System at Low SNR

  • Published:
Wireless Personal Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The accurate timing and frequency synchronization is hard to obtain for space–time block codes (STBC) multiple input multiple output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems at low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In this paper, a new synchronization algorithm for STBC MIMO-OFDM system at low SNR is proposed. Firstly, a set of imaginary orthogonal complementary sequences with a set of imaginary complementary sequence sets and orthogonal matrix is constructed, and the proper length of the imaginary orthogonal complementary sequences is obtained by extending the sequences through transforming orthogonal matrix. Secondly, in order to improve the sequences’ auto-correlation and cross-correlation, the training sequences are constructed with their minus conjugates, and then superimposed on data signals. Finally, good synchronization is obtained by cross-correlation operation between the training sequences and data signals at the receiver. The integer frequency offset is estimated to be \(\varepsilon \in [ - N/4,N/4]\). Theoretical analysis and simulation prove that this synchronization algorithm achieves precise timing synchronization, wider frequency offset range and lower computational complexity at low SNR than conventional algorithm.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Mody, A. N., & Stuber, G. L. (2001). Synchronization for MIMO-OFDM systems. In IEEE global telecommunications conference, (1), pp. 509–513.

  2. Schenk, T. C. W., & Zelst, A. V. (2003). Frequency synchronization for MIMO-OFDM wireless LAN systems. In Proceedings of the IEEE vehicular technology conference fall, Orlando (FL). IEEE, pp. 6–9.

  3. Zelst, A. V., & Schenk, T. C. W. (2004). Implementation of a MIMO OFDM-based wireless LAN system. IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting, 52(2), 483–494.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  4. Wang, C. L., & Wang, H. C. (2011). Optimized joint fine timing synchronization and channel estimation for MIMO system. IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting, 59(4), 1091–1098.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Wang, C. L., & Wang, H. C. (2011). Low-complexity joint timing synchronization and channel estimation for MIMO OFDM systems. In 2011 IEEE 73rd vehicular technology conference (VTC Spring), pp. 1–5.

  6. Ali, R. N., Ali, B. D., Fabienne, N., & Bilal, B. (2012). Timing synchronization method for MIMO-OFDM system using orthogonal preamble. In 19th International conference on telecommunications (ICT 2012), pp. 1–6.

  7. Fan, H. L., Sun, J. F., Yang, P., &, Li, D. S. (2010). A robust timing and frequency synchronization algorithm for HF MIMO OFDM systems. In IEEE conference on global mobile congress (GMC), pp. 1–4.

  8. Wang, D. D. (2008). A robust asynchronous multiuser STBC-OFDM transmission scheme for frequency-selective channels. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 7(10), 3725–3731.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Jakes, W. C. (1974). Microwave mobile communications. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Proakis, J. G. (1995). Digital communications (3rd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  11. Li, C. P., & Hu, W. W. (2007). Super-imposed training scheme for timing and frequency synchronization in OFDM systems. IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting, 53(2), 574–583.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Hu, W. W., & Wang, S. H. (2008). A synchronization scheme for OFDM systems using the super-imposed perfect sequences. In IEEE international symposium on broadband multimedia systems and broadcasting, pp. 1–5.

Download references

Acknowledgments

This research is aided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61310306022), and the Thousand Talents Program of Sichuan Province, Foundation for Leading Academic and Technological Experts of Sichuan Province, the College Innovation Team of Oil and Gas Exploration and Information Technology of Sichuan Province (No. 15TD008), the Training Program Foundation for the Talents by Southwest Petroleum University, and Signal Detector and Signal Processing Scientific Research and Innovation Team in Southwest Petroleum University (No. 2013XJZT007).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, China

    Renze Luo

  2. School of Mechatronic Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, China

    Renze Luo & Jiao Yang

  3. School of Geoscience and Technology, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, China

    Guolin He

  4. School of Electrical Engineering and Information, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, China

    Wenchang Cao

Authors
  1. Renze Luo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jiao Yang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  3. Guolin He
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  4. Wenchang Cao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Renze Luo.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Luo, R., Yang, J., He, G. et al. Synchronization Algorithm for STBC MIMO-OFDM System at Low SNR. Wireless Pers Commun 91, 237–253 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-016-3457-8

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-016-3457-8

Keywords