Skip to main content
Springer Nature Link
Log in

On Outage Minimization in Cognitive Radio Networks Through Routing and Power Control

  • Published:
Wireless Personal Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper addresses the problem of optimal resource allocation in a multi-hop cognitive radio networks. The objective of the present work is to search for the shortest possible path from the source to the destination and explores the scope of the Bellman–Ford and the Dijkstra’s algorithms due to their low runtime complexity and ease of implementation in routing. Searching for the shortest path focuses on minimization to the outage probability, while satisfying simultaneously the limits of the total transmit power and the interference threshold to the primary user (PU). Fuzzy c-means clustering is used to speed up the route selection process for both the routing algorithms. Network lifetime is also studied for both the algorithms considering the link failure situation. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme not only minimizes the outage probability over the existing power allocation strategies but also reduces interference to the PU. Results also show that network lifetime is increased and faster route selection is possible.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Acharya, T., Maity, S. P., & Mandal, S. (2015). Outage minimized joint power and channel allocation in multihop cognitive radio networks: A lifetime-centric approach. Wireless Personal Communications, 83(4), 2519–2537.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Ekin, S., Abdallah, M. M., Qaraqe, K. A., & Serpedin, E. (2012). Random subcarrier allocation in OFDM-based cognitive radio networks. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 60(9), 4758–4774.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  3. Elsaadany, M., & Hamouda, W. (2015). Performance analysis of non-orthogonal af relaying in cognitive radio networks. IEEE Wireless Communications Letters, 4(4), 373–376.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Fang, W., Liu, F., Yang, F., Shu, L., & Nishio, S. (2010). Energy-efficient cooperative communication for data transmission in wireless sensor networks. IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, 56(4), 2185–2192.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Farhadi, G., & Beaulieu, N. C. (2009). Power-optimized amplify-and-forward multi-hop relaying systems. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 8(9), 4634–4643.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Federal Communications Commission. (2002). Spectrum policy task force, Rep. ET Docket no. 02–135.

  7. Hasna, M. O., & Alouini, M. S. (2004). Optimal power allocation for relayed transmissions over Rayleigh-fading channels. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 3(6), 1999–2004.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Haykin, S. (2005). Cognitive radio: Brain-empowered wireless communications. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communcations, 23(2), 201–220.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. He, Z., Mao, S., & Kompella, S. (2014). QoE driven video streaming in cognitive radio networks: The case of single channel access. In Proceedings of IEEE global communications conference (GLOBECOM) (pp. 1388–1393). doi:10.1109/GLOCOM.2014.7037002.

  10. Ho-Van, K. (2016). Exact outage analysis of modified partial relay selection in cooperative cognitive networks under channel estimation errors. IET Communications, 10(2), 219–226.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Hou, Y. T., Shi, Y., & Sherali, H. D. (2007) Optimal spectrum sharing for multi-hop software defined radio networks. In Proceedings IEEE 26th international conference on computer communications (INFOCOM) (pp. 1–9).

  12. Jayasinghe, L. K. S., & Rajatheva, N. (2010). Optimal power allocation for relay assisted cognitive radio networks. In Proceedings of IEEE 72nd vehicular technology conference fall (VTC 2010-Fall) (pp. 1–5).

  13. Jian, W., Longxiang, Y., & Xu, L. (2011). Subcarrier and power allocation in OFDM based cognitive radio systems. In Proceedings of international conference on intelligent computation technology and automation (ICICTA) (Vol. 2, pp. 728–731).

  14. Kader, M. F., & Hoque, M. M. (2014). Outage capacity analysis of a cooperative relaying scheme in interference limited cognitive radio networks. Wireless Personal Communications, 79(3), 2127–2140.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Kang, X., Liang, Y. C., & Garg, H. K. (2008). Outage probability minimization under both the transmit and interference power constraints for fading channels in cognitive radio networks. In Proceedings of IEEE international conference on communications workshops (pp. 482–486).

  16. Kersten, P. R. (1999). Fuzzy order statistics and their application to fuzzy clustering. IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems, 7(6), 708–712.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  17. Lee, J., Wang, H., Andrews, J. G., & Hong, D. (2011). Outage probability of cognitive relay networks with interference constraints. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 10(2), 390–395.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Li, D. (2011). Efficient power allocation for multiuser cognitive radio networks. Wireless Personal Communications, 59(4), 589–597.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Liu, X., Ding, G., Yang, Y., Wu, Q., & Wang, J. (2013). A stochastic game framework for joint frequency and power allocation in dynamic decentralized cognitive radio networks. AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications, 67(10), 817–826.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Mitola, J. (2000). Cognitive radio: An integrated agent architecture for software defined radio. Ph.D. dissertation, Computer Communication System Laboratory, Department of Teleinformatics, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden, May 2000.

  21. OFCOM. (2007). Digital dividend review, a statement on our approach towards awarding the digital dividend.

  22. Pal, N. R., Pal, K., Keller, J. M., & Bezdek, J. C. (2005). A possibilistic fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm. IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems, 13(4), 517–530.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Parvin, S., & Fujii, T. (2012). Radio environment aware stable routing scheme for multi-hop cognitive radio network. IET Networks, 1(4), 207–216.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Rajkumar, S., & Thiruvengadam, J. S. (2016). Outage analysis of OFDM based cognitive radio network with full duplex relay selection. IET Signal Processing, 10(8), 865–872.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Ramirez, D., & Aazhang, B. (2013). Optimal routing and power allocation for wireless networks with imperfect full-duplex nodes. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 12(9), 4692–4704.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Saad, M. (2014). Joint optimal routing and power allocation for spectral efficiency in multihop wireless networks. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 13(5), 2530–2539.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Salim, S., Moh, S., & Chung, I. (2013). Transmission power control aware routing in cognitive radio ad hoc networks. Wireless Personal Communications, 71(4), 2713–2724.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Wang, P., Zhong, X., Xiao, L., Zhou, S., & Wang, J. (2009). A general power allocation algorithm for OFDM-based cognitive radio systems. In Proceedings of IEEE international conference on communications workshops (pp. 1–5).

  29. Wang, X., Sun, Y., Yu, H., Feng, T., Tang, W., & Zhang, Y. (2015). Outage performance analysis of amplify-and-forward cognitive relay networks with partial relay selection. In Proceedings of international conference on wireless communications signal processing (WCSP) (pp. 1–5).

  30. Wang, Y., Xu, W., Yang, K., & Lin, J. (2012). Optimal energy-efficient power allocation for ofdm-based cognitive radio networks. IEEE Communications Letters, 16(9), 1420–1423.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Weeraddana, P. C., Codreanu, M., Latva-aho, M., & Ephremides, A. (2010). On the effect of self-interference cancelation in multihop wireless networks. EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, 2010(1), 1–10.

  32. Weiss, T., Hillenbrand, J., Krohn, A., & Jondral, F. K. (2004). Mutual interference in OFDM-based spectrum pooling systems. In Proceedings of IEEE 59th vehicular technology conference (VTC 2004-Spring) (vol. 4, pp. 1873–1877).

  33. Wen, Y. F. (2013). Distributed delay-aware routing and metrics evaluation for cognitive radio networks. Wireless Personal Communications, 72(1), 779–794.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Xu, D., Feng, Z., Wang, Y., & Zhang, P. (2013). Joint power and rate allocation for spectrum sharing cognitive radio multicast networks under service outage constraint. AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications, 67(7), 585–587.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Xu, D., Feng, Z. Y., Liu, Y., & Zhang, P. (2011). Outage probability minimising joint channel and power allocation for cognitive radio networks. Electronics Letters, 47(25), 1402–1404.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Zeng, M., Tsiropoulos, G. I., Dobre, O. A., & Ahmed, M. H. (2016) Power allocation for cognitive radio networks employing non-orthogonal multiple access. In Proceedings of IEEE global communications conference (GLOBECOM) (pp. 1–5).

  37. Zhang, H., Jiang, C., Beaulieu, N. C., Chu, X., Wang, X., & Quek, T. Q. S. (2015). Resource allocation for cognitive small cell networks: A cooperative bargaining game theoretic approach. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 14(6), 3481–3493.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Zou, Y., Yao, Y. D., & Zheng, B. (2011). Cognitive transmissions with multiple relays in cognitive radio networks. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 10(2), 648–659.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Information Technology, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, 711 103, India

    Anal Paul & Santi P. Maity

Authors
  1. Anal Paul
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  2. Santi P. Maity
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Santi P. Maity.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Paul, A., Maity, S.P. On Outage Minimization in Cognitive Radio Networks Through Routing and Power Control. Wireless Pers Commun 98, 251–269 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-017-4868-x

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-017-4868-x

Keywords