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Difference of Cadmium Bioaccumulation and Transportation in Two Ryegrass Varieties and the Correlation between Plant Cadmium Concentration and Soil Cadmium Chemical Forms

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Abstract

Pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of different cadmium (Cd) levels (0, 75, 150, 300 and 600 mg kg−1) on the growth, cadmium concentration and cadmium accumulation of two varieties of ryegrass, and the correlation between plant cadmium concentration and soil cadmium chemical forms. The results showed that root dry weight of the two varieties of ryegrass, dry weight of shoot and plant in Aubade increased first and then decreased with the increase of soil cadmium. When the soil cadmium level was 75 mg kg−1, shoot dry weight and plant dry weight in Aubade reached the maximum (10.92 g pot−1 and 12.03 g pot−1), which was 11.13% and 10.67% higher than that of the control respectively. The cadmium form in shoot of the two ryegrass varieties was dominated by was sodium chloride extraction (F-NaCl), followed by deionized water extracted (F-W) and acetic acid extracted (F-HAC). The cadmium forms in soils were mainly exchangeable (EXC-Cd), and cadmium concentrations of leaf, stem and root were significantly positively correlated with exchangeable cadmium content in the rhizosphere soil (P < 0.01). The EXC-Cd content in Abbott soil was higher than that in Bond, which was consistent with Abbott’s Cd absorption above Bond. The cadmium transport factor of the two ryegrass varieties were less than 1, and cadmium bioconcentration factor were all greater than 1. In comparison of the two ryegrass varieties, the dry weight of shoot and plant of Abbott were higher than that of Bond under the stress of 75–600 mg kg−1 Cd. The cadmium concentration and cadmium accumulation of shoot and root in Abbott were also higher than that of Bond. There was a genotypic difference in ryegrass tolerance to cadmium and cadmium absorption. Abbott was more suitable as a phytoremediation material for soil cadmium pollution.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Fund of China Agriculture Research System (Nycytx-23), the National Science and Technology Pillar Program of China (No. 2007BAD87B10), and Southwestern University Undergraduate Science and Technology Innovation “Guangjiong” Training Project (20150490).

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  1. Deyu Feng and Chaoran Huang: co-first authors.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People’s Republic of China

    Deyu Feng, Chaoran Huang, Weihong Xu, Yuli Qin, Yanhua Li, Tao Li, Mei Yang & Zhangmi He

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Feng, D., Huang, C., Xu, W. et al. Difference of Cadmium Bioaccumulation and Transportation in Two Ryegrass Varieties and the Correlation between Plant Cadmium Concentration and Soil Cadmium Chemical Forms. Wireless Pers Commun 110, 291–307 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-019-06727-x

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