Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Comparison of Four High Performance Dual Polar Antennas for Base Stations

  • Published:
Wireless Personal Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper four types of cross-dipoles antennas, highly compatible to be utilized in base stations of cellular systems, were thoroughly compared: (1) dipoles with sloping-cut arms, (2) dipoles with folded arms, (3) dipoles with helical shape, and (4) dipoles with helical shape and inverted branches. To carry out the comparison, a design of each type of antenna was performed with an objective bandwidth of 1710–1880 MHz and a return loss higher than 15 dB. By computer simulations, some important parameters were examined: mutual coupling, return losses, input impedance, gain stability, beamwidth invariability, cross-pol discrimination and tracking error. From the comparison, it was found that the crossed dipoles with folded arms occupy the lowest volume and have the higher beamwidth stability. On the other hand, the dipoles with helical shape have the lowest mutual coupling, meanwhile the helical dipoles with inverted branches have the higher cross polarization discrimination. To experimentally validate some of these results, a prototype of the crossed dipoles with helical shape was constructed and measured to demonstrate that the simulations are consistent with the real implementation. After all this study is clear that each antenna has advantages and limitations, and depends on the more stringent requirement that a certain application demands, to select one or another type of antenna.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. 4G Americas. (2013). MIMO and smart antennas for mobile broadband systems. 4G Americas. http://www.5gamericas.org/files/4614/0622/2152/MIMO_and_Smart_Antennas_July_2013_FINAL.pdf. Accessed January 2017.

  2. Vaughan, R. G. (1990). Polarization diversity in mobile communications. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology., 39(3), 177–186.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Lui, P. L., & Rawlins, A. D. (1989). Passive non-linearities in antenna systems. In IEE colloquium on passive intermodulation products in antennas and related structures (pp. 6/1–6/7).

  4. Chou, S. J., Chou, H. T., & Kuo, L. R. (2016). Potential causes of PIM problems in the LTE outdoor base station multi-band antennas. In International symposium on antennas and propagation (ISAP) (pp. 1080–1081).

  5. Kearney, F., & Chen, S. (2017). Passive intermodulation (PIM) effects in base stations: understanding the challenges and solutions. Analog Dialogue, Analog Devices, 51, 1–5.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Chen, Z. N., & Luk, K. M. (2009). Antennas for base stations in wireless communications. New York: McGraw-Hill.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Sorrells, P., Heath, D., Stockman, C., & Meyer, L. (2017). Technical keys to successful network modernization: Weight and wind load. COMMSCOPE. https://www.commscope.com/Docs/Network_Modernization_Weight_Windload_WP-107807.pdf. Accessed August 2017.

  8. Ström, M. (2009). Design of a broadband antenna element for LTE base station antennas. Master’s thesis. Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Signals and Systems, Division of Signal Processing and Antennas. http://publications.lib.chalmers.se/records/fulltext/95379.pdf. Accessed February 2016.

  9. Di, W., Yingzeng, Y., Minjun, G., & Renqiang, S. (2005). Wideband dipole antenna for 3G base stations. In 2005 IEEE international symposium on microwave, antenna, propagation and EMC technologies for wireless communications (Vol. 1, pp. 454–457).

  10. Garidi, W. A. A., Sahar, N. B. M., & Teymourzadeh, R. (2012). Planar dipole antenna design at 1800 MHz band using different feeding methods for GSM application. In 2012 10th IEEE international conference on semiconductor electronics (ICSE) (pp. 560–564).

  11. Michishita, N., Arai, H., Nakano, M., Satoh, T., & Matsuoka, T. (2000). FDTD analysis for printed dipole antenna with balun. In 2000 Asia-Pacific microwave conference. Proceedings (Cat. No. 00TH8522) (pp. 739–742).

  12. Edward, B., & Rees, D. (1987). A broadband printed dipole with integrated balun. Microwave Journal, 30, 339–344.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Proudfoot, P. (1989). A printed circuit folded dipole with integrated balun. Rome Air Development Center. http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a225561.pdf.

  14. Chu, C. Y. (2005). Printed dipole antenna design for wireless communications. Master’s thesis. Computer Engineering McGill University. http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/webclient/StreamGate?folder_id=0&dvs=1524100799616977.

  15. Roberts, W. K. (1957). A new wide-band balun. Proceedings of the IRE, 45(12), 1628–1631.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Bawer, R., & Wolfe, J. J. (1960). A printed circuit balun for use with spiral antennas. IRE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 8(3), 319–325.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Li, R., Wu, T., Pan, B., Lim, K., Laskar, J., & Tentzeris, M. M. (2009). Equivalent-circuit analysis of a broadband printed dipole with adjusted integrated balun and an array for base station applications. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 57(7), 2180–2184.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Computer Simulation Technology (CST). Applications. https://www.cst.com/. Accessed June 2017.

  19. Timofeev I. E., & Chau K. Q. (2004). Crossed dipole antenna element. Patent US7053852B2. Google Patents. https://patents.google.com/patent/US7053852.

  20. Teillet, A., & Le, K. (2001). Antenna array. Patent US6717555B2. Google Patents. https://patents.google.com/patent/US6717555.

  21. Chu, C. Y., & Popovic, M. (2005). Printed dipole antenna for use in wireless networks: Techniques for the design improvement. In 2005 IEEE antennas and propagation society international symposium (Vol. 3B, pp. 285–288).

  22. Asrokin A. B., Abas A. B., Basri R. H. B., & Jamlus N. B. (2010). Design of X-polarized GSM 900 base station antenna with field test measurement. In 2010 2nd international conference on computer engineering and applications (Vol. 2, pp 94–98).

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by CONACyT Project 127856.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Telecommunications Section, CINVESTAV-IPN, Mexico City, Mexico

    A. Perez-Miguel, H. Jardon-Aguilar, R. Gomez-Villanueva & R. Flores-Leal

Authors
  1. A. Perez-Miguel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. H. Jardon-Aguilar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. R. Gomez-Villanueva
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. R. Flores-Leal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. Perez-Miguel.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Perez-Miguel, A., Jardon-Aguilar, H., Gomez-Villanueva, R. et al. Comparison of Four High Performance Dual Polar Antennas for Base Stations. Wireless Pers Commun 110, 1707–1728 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-019-06808-x

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-019-06808-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation