Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Overview of LTE for Vehicular Communications

  • Published:
Wireless Personal Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This article provides an overview about vehicle-to-everything communications in relation to the latest Long Term Evolution (LTE) standards. We describe the main vehicular services and give a brief review of vehicular communication systems over LTE for both infrastructure-to-vehicle communications over the broadcast/multicast LTE service and vehicle-to-vehicle communications over the LTE sidelink. Next, we analyze the performance of vehicular systems using link simulations for different vehicular channel models implemented on a LTE simulator called WM-SIMA. Finally, we draw some conclusions about the impact of using different modulation and coding scheme as well as the interference level on the overall performance.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. TPEG is the transportation equivalent to JPEG protocol suite for images.

  2. WM-SIMA simulator allows including any evolved node B (eNB) position. Those shown here are only for the sake of exemplification and do not represent a real deployment.

References

  1. European Commission. (2010). Directive 2010/40/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 7 July 2010 on the framework for the deployment of intelligent transport systems in the field of road transport and for interfaces with other modes of transport.

  2. Carreras, A., Delgado-Luque, I. M., Martín-Vega, F. J., Gómez, G., Aguayo-Torres, M. C., & Entrambasaguas, J. T. (2018). A system-level simulator for the downlink of LTE-A: Case of study–cell-offloading in HetNets. Wireless Personal Communications, 100(1), 177–191.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). (2019). Intelligent Transport System (ITS); Vehicular communications; Basic set of applications; Part 2: Specification of cooperative awareness basic service. ETSI EN 102.637 -2

  4. European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). (2019). Intelligent Transport System (ITS); Vehicular communications; Basic set of applications; Part 3: Specifications of decentralized environmental notification basic service. ETSI EN 102.637-3.

  5. European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). (2013). Intelligent Transport System (ITS); V2X Applications; Part 1 to 3. ETSI TS, 101, 539.

  6. Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE). (2009). Dedicated short range communications (DSRC) message set dictionary. SAE J2735.

  7. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). (2016). IEEE standard for information technology–Telecommunications and information exchange between systems. Local and metropolitan area networks–Specific requirements—Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications. IEEE Std 802.11-2016.

  8. 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). (2017). Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); LTE physical layer; General description. 3GPP TS 36.201 (Release 14).

  9. Molina-Masegosa, R., & Gozalvez, J. (2017). LTE-V for sidelink 5G V2X vehicular communications: A new 5G technology for short-range vehicle-to-everything communications. IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine, 12(4), 30–39.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). (2016). Intelligent Transport System (ITS); Vehicular communications; Basic set of applications; Facilities layer protocols and communication requirements for infrastructure services. ETSI TS, 103.301.

  11. CEN Technical Committee 278. (2018). Intelligent transport systems—DATEX II data exchange specifications for traffic management and information. https://www.datex2.eu/datex2/specifications.

  12. Viavi Solutions. (2015). LTE evolved multimedia broadcast multicast services (eMBMS). https://www.viavisolutions.com/de-de/literature/lte-evolved-multimedia-broadcast-multicast-services-embms-white-paper-en.pdf (last retrieved July 23rd 2019).

  13. 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). (2019). Enhanced television services over 3GPP eMBMS (2017, last retrieved July 23rd). https://www.3gpp.org/images/PDF/EnTV_article_for_3GPP_Web_site_v8.pdf.

  14. 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). (2019). Evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA); LTE physical layer; Architecture enhancements for V2X services. 3GPP TS 36.285 (Release 16).

  15. Martín-Vega, F. J., Soret, B., Aguayo-Torres, M. C., Kovács, I. Z., & Gómez, G. (2018). Geolocation-based access for vehicular communications: Analysis and optimization via stochastic geometry. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 67(4), 3069–3084.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Cortés, J. A., Aguayo-Torres, M. C., Cañete, F. J., Gómez, G., Martos-Naya, E., & Entrambasaguas, J. T. (2019). Vehicular channels: Characteristics, models and implications on communication systems design. Wireless Personal Communications, 106(1), 237–260.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). (2018). Study on channel model for frequencies from 0.5 to 100 GHz. 3GPP TR 38.901 (Release 15).

  18. Jakes, W. C. (1974). Microwave Mobile Communications. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Pop, M. F., & Beaulieu, N. C. (2001). Limitations of sum-of-sinusoids fading channel simulators. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 49(4), 699–708.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Karedal, J., Tufvesson, F., Czink, N., Paier, A., Dumard, C., Zemen, T., et al. (2009). A geometry-based stochastic MIMO model for vehicle-to-vehicle communications. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 8(7), 3646–3657.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). (2019). Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical layer procedures. 3GPP TS 36.213 (Release 15).

  22. Boban, M., Kousaridas, A., Manolakis, K., Eichinger, J., & Xu, W. (2018). Connected roads of the future: Use cases, requirements, and design considerations for vehicle-to-everything communications. IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine, 13(3), 110–123.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work has been supported by the Spanish Government (Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad) and FEDER under Grant TEC2016-80090-C2-1-R, by the Junta de Andalucia under Grants P18-RT-3175 and P18-TP-3587, by the Proyectos Singulares de Actuaciones de Transferencia en los CEI (Áreas RIS3), and by the Universidad de Málaga.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dpto. Ingeniería de Comunicaciones, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain

    Antonio Cerezo Barranco, José Antonio Yébenes Gálvez, Jesús Aguilar Armijo, Mari Carmen Aguayo-Torres, Juan Carlos Ruiz Sicilia & Gerardo Gómez

Authors
  1. Antonio Cerezo Barranco
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. José Antonio Yébenes Gálvez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jesús Aguilar Armijo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Mari Carmen Aguayo-Torres
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Juan Carlos Ruiz Sicilia
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Gerardo Gómez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mari Carmen Aguayo-Torres.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Barranco, A.C., Gálvez, J.A.Y., Armijo, J.A. et al. Overview of LTE for Vehicular Communications. Wireless Pers Commun 113, 1471–1494 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-020-07246-w

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-020-07246-w

Keywords

Search

Navigation