Abstract
Spectral Amplitude Coding Optical Code Division Multiple Access (SAC–OCDMA) is an auspicious advancement in an asynchronous environments. In this paper, we have presented an effective Enhanced Quantum Logic Gate (EQLG) code for SAC–OCDMA to improve the code construction, cross-correlation and minimize the noises. The EQLG code contains unitary matrices with minimum overlaps in code spectral wavelengths of various clients. This drops the Multiple Access Interference (MAI) and furthermore EQLG code, provides high data-rate transmission in networks. The development of the proposed EQLG code is depicted in following strides as; at first build a matrix utilizing the estimation of the weight value and the number of subscribers. Based upon that, the number of rows and columns are located in the matrix. Second, each diagonal sequences are computed by using the QLG method. The execution of the recommended EQLG code will be analysed with existing SAC–OCDMA systems in response to Bit Error Rate (BER). The simulations of encoding with 10–60 users with 622 Mb/s data transmission at a BER of 10−9 have been successfully achieved.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Nordin, J. M., Aljunid, S. A., Fadhil, H. A., Anuar, M. S., Abdullah, A. R. A. J., Rahim, R. A., & Ahmed, R. B., (2012). Development and performance of a new SAC optical CDMA code with in phase cross correlation. IJCSNS,12(12), 101.
Kaur, N., Goyal, R., & Rani, M. (2017). A review on spectral amplitude coding optical code division multiple access. Journal of Optical Communications,38(1), 77–85.
Singh, K., Singh, K., & Devra, S. (2017). OCDMA & its applications in fiber optics communication networks. Indian Journal of Science and Technology,10, 31.
Abraham, N., & Parakh, A. (2016). Various architecture for detection of information using SAC–OCDMA for FTTH system. In International conference on next generation intelligent systems (ICNGIS) (pp. 1–6). IEEE.
Liu, M.-Y., Wang, T.-L., & Tseng, S.-M. (2017). Throughput performance analysis of asynchronous optical CDMA networks with channel load sensing protocol. IEEE Photonics Journal,9, 1–13.
Fathallah, H., Bentrcia, A., & Seleem, H. (2014). Efficient interference cancellation detector for asynchronous upstream optical code division multiple access-passive optical network with mixed Poisson-Gaussian noise. IET Communications,8(13), 2393–2403.
Bouarfa, A., Kandouci, M., & Djellab, H. (2017). A new MIHP code using direct detection for SAC–OCDMA system. International Journal on Electrical Engineering and Informatics,9(4), 825–833.
Rashidi, C. B. M., Aljunid, S. A., Anuar, M. S., & Ahmed, H. Y. (2015). IP routing by phase induced intensity noise suppression in Optical CDMA network. American Journal of Networks and Communications,4, 18–21.
Seyedzadeh, S., Moghaddasi, M., & Anas, S. B. A. (2016). Variable-weight optical code division multiple access system using different detection schemes. Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology,3, 50–59.
Abd, T. H., Aljunid, S. A., Fadhil, H. A., Ahmad, R. B., & Junita, M. N. (2012). Enhancement of performance of a hybrid SAC–OCDMA system using dynamic cyclic shift code. Ukrainian Journal of Physical Optics,13, 12–27.
Ahmed, H. Y., & Nisar, K. S. (2013). Diagonal Eigenvalue Unity (DEU) code for spectral amplitude coding-optical code division multiple access. Optical Fiber Technology,19(4), 35–347.
Sharma, T., & Maddila, R. K. (2019). Performance characteristics of the spectral-amplitude-coding optical CDMA system based on one-dimensional optical codes and a multi-array laser. Ukraine Journal of Physical Optics, 20(2), 81.
Abd, T. H., Aljunid, S. A., Fadhil, H. A., Ahmad, R. A., & Saad, N. M. (2011). Development of a new code family based on SAC–OCDMA system with large cardinality for OCDMA network. Optical Fiber Technology,17(4), 273–280.
Abd, T. H., Alijunaid, S. A., Fadhil, H. A., Ahmad, R. A., & Saad, N. M. (2011). Development of a new code family based on SAC–OCDMA system with large cardinality for OCDMA networks. Journal of optical fiber technology,17, 273–280.
Tseng, S. P. (2015). Modified multiphotodiode balanced detection technique for improving SAC–OCDMA networks. Journal of Optics Communications,344, 38–42.
Noshad, M. (2010). KambizJamshidi Code family for modified spectral amplitude coding OCDMA system and performance analysis. Journal of Optical Communication Networks,2, 344–354.
Abd, T. H., Aljunid, S. A., Hilal Adnan Fadhil, M. N. J., & Saad, N. M. (2012). Modelling and simulation of a 1.6 Tb/s optical system based on multi-diagonal code and optical code-division multiple access. Ukrainian Journal of Physical Optics,13(2), 54–66.
Panda, S. (2017). Effect of SHIFTZCC codes for optical CDMA system. World scientific news,2(67), 365–389.
Memon, A. L., Khuda, B., & Asif, A. S. (2014). SNR and BER models and the simulation for BER performance of selected spectral amplitude codes for OCDMA. Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology,33(1), 103–112.
Kumawat, S., & Kumar, M. R. (2016). Generalized optical code construction for enhanced and Modified Double Weight like codes without mapping for SAC–OCDMA systems. Optical Fiber Technology, 30, 72–80.
Mostafa, S., Abd El-Naser, A. M., Abd El-Samie, F. E., & Rashed, A. N. Z. (2017). Performance evaluation of SAC–OCDMA system in free space optics and optical fiber system based on different types of codes. Wireless Personal Communications,96(2), 2843–2861.
Jellali, N., Monia, N., Moez, F., & Houria, R. (2017). Development of new two-dimensional spectral/spatial code based on dynamic cyclic shift code for OCDMA system. Optical Fiber Technology,36, 26–32.
Moghaddasi, M., Saleh, S., Ivan, G., Gandham, L., Siti, B., & Ahmad, A. (2017). DW-ZCC code based on SAC–OCDMA deploying multi-wavelength laser source for wireless optical networks. Optical and Quantum Electronics,49(12), 393.
El-Mottaleb, S. A., et al. (2019). An efficient SAC–OCDMA system using three different codes with two different detection techniques for maximum allowable users. Optical and Quantum Electronics,51(11), 354.
Wei, Z., Shalaby, H. M. H., & Ghafouri-Shiraz, H. (2001). Modified quadratic congruence codes for fiber Bragg-grating-based spectral-amplitude-coding optical CDMA systems. Journal of Lightwave Technology,19(9), 1274–1281.
Tsujioka, T. (2008). Design of strict variable-weight optical orthogonal codes for differentiated quality of service in optical CDMA networks. Computer Networks,52(10), 2077–2086.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sharma, T., Kumar Maddila, R. Optical Code Construction Based on Enhanced Quantum Logic Gate (EQLG) Technique for Spectral Amplitude Coding Optical CDMA Systems. Wireless Pers Commun 113, 2587–2609 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-020-07342-x
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-020-07342-x