Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Zigbee Internode Communication and FPGA Synthesis Using Mesh, Star and Cluster Tree Topological Chip

  • Published:
Wireless Personal Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The wireless sensor networks (WSN) research is emerging fast in the areas of agriculture, industry, smart grid communication, smart monitoring, and smart metering. The Zigbee is a wireless network protocol under IEEE 802.15.4 standard, that provides low cost, low power, and lesser delay in data communication over a PAN network. Several sensor nodes are deployed in WSN geospatial domain to communicate with each other. The sensor nodes are the embedded devices used to perform specific applications by sending information in the network through the coordinator node. The coordinator gathers the data, stores into memory, processes it, and route it to the destination node. The Zigbee protocol supports peer-to-peer, star, mesh and cluster tree topology. In the research paper, the hardware chip design for mesh, star, and cluster Zigbee topology is proposed in which 64 nodes are communicating with each other. The chip simulation is performed on Xilinx ISE 14.7 software for 64-bit internode communication and pre-synthesized on Virtex-5 FPGA. The comparative performance of the chip is analyzed with the help of the FPGA device and timing parameters.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

AoDV:

Adhoc on-demand distance vector

CRC:

Cyclic redundancy check

DSR:

Dynamic source routing

FPGA:

Field programmable gate array

FFD:

Full function device

HDL:

Hardware description language

IEEE:

Institute of electrical and electronics engineers

GHz:

Giga herts

GSM:

Global system for mobile

ISM:

Industrial, scientific and medical

IoB:

Input output block

kB:

Kilobyte

Kbps:

Kilo byte per second

LAN:

Local area network

LUT:

Look up table

LED:

Light emitting diode

MAN:

Metropolitan area network

MAC:

Media access control

Mbps:

Mega byte per second

MHz:

Mega hertz

NoC:

Network on chip

ns:

Nano seconds

PAN:

Personal area network

PDR:

Packet delivery ratio

RFD:

Reduced function device

RTL:

Register transfer level

SMS:

Short message service

QPSK:

Quadrature phase shift keying

VHDL:

Very high-speed integrated circuit hardware description language

WSN:

Wireless sensor networks

WAN:

Wide area network

WPAN:

Wireless personal area network

References

  1. Ahmad, R., Sidek, O., Hassin, W. M. H. W., Mohd, S. K. K., & Husain, A. S. (2011). Verilog-based design and implementation of digital transmitter for Zigbee applications. International Journal of Emerging Sciences, 1(4), 723–735.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Ahmad, A. W., Jan, N., Iqbal, S., & Lee, C. (2011). Implementation of ZigBee-GSM based home security monitoring and remote-control system. In 2011 IEEE 54th International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS) (pp. 1–4). IEEE.

  3. Buthelezi, B. E., Mphahlele, M. I., Du Plessis, D., Maswikaneng, S., & Mathonsi, T. E. (2018). A New Tree Routing Protocol for ZigBee Healthcare Monitoring Systems. In 2018 International Conference on Intelligent and Innovative Computing Applications (ICONIC) (pp. 1–6). IEEE.

  4. Deep, V., & Elarabi, T. (2017). Efficient IEEE 802.15. 4 ZigBee standard hardware design for IoT applications. In 2017 International Conference on Signals and Systems (ICSigSys) (pp. 261–265). IEEE.

  5. Feng, X., Yan, F., & Liu, X. (2019). Study of wireless communication technologies on internet of things for precision agriculture. Wireless Personal Communications, 108, 1785–1802.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Garg, A. (2014). Review of wireless local area network (WLAN) standards and wireless sensor networks. International Journal of Enhanced Research in Science Technology and Engineering, 3, 115–121.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Kim, T., Kim, S. H., & Kim, D. (2018). Distributed topology construction in ZigBee wireless networks. Wireless Personal Communications, 103(3), 2213–2227.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Kumar, A., Sharma, P., Gupta, M. K., & Kumar, R. (2018). Machine learning based resource utilization and pre-estimation for network on chip (NoC) communication. Wireless Personal Communications, 102(3), 2211–2231.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Lee, B. G., & Choi, S. (2008). Broadband Wireless Access and Local Networks: Mobile WiMAX and WiFi. Norwood: Artech House.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Li, S., Li, W., & Zhu, J. (2009). A novel ZigBee based high speed Ad Hoc communication network. In 2009 IEEE International Conference on Network Infrastructure and Digital Content (pp. 903–907). IEEE.

  11. Misra, S., Goswami, S., Taneja, C., & Mukherjee, A. (2016). Design and implementation analysis of a public key infrastructure-enabled security framework for ZigBee sensor networks. International Journal of Communication Systems, 29(13), 1992–2014.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Moridi, M. A., Kawamura, Y., Sharifzadeh, M., Chanda, E. K., Wagner, M., & Okawa, H. (2018). Performance analysis of ZigBee network topologies for underground space monitoring and communication systems. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 71, 201–209.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Nath, S. K., Aznabi, S., Islam, N. T., Faridi, A., & Qarony, W. (2017). Investigation and performance analysis of some implemented features of the ZigBee protocol and IEEE 802.15.4 mac specification. International Journal of Online Engineering, 13(1), 14–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Ompal, Mishra, V. M., Kumar, A. (2017). Computer networks and IEEE wireless LAN standards. Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 12, 5584–5589.

  15. Rao, P. M., Rao, Y. C., & Kumar, M. A. (2018, January). Performance analysis of ZigBee wireless sensor networks using Riverbed simulation modeler. In 2018 2nd International Conference on Inventive Systems and Control (ICISC) (pp. 1272–1277). IEEE.

  16. Rao, V. P. (2005). The simulative investigation of Zigbee/IEEE 802.15.4. Master Thesis (M.Sc.). Dresden University of Technology. Retrieved September 10, 2018, from http://www.vaddina.com/images/ZIGBEE_zigbee.pdf.

  17. Soijoyo, S., & Ashari, A. (2017). Analysis of Zigbee data transmission on wireless sensor network topology. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Application, 8, 145–151.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Shi, G., & Li, K. (2017). Fundamentals of ZigBee and WIFI. Signal Interference in WiFi and ZigBee Networks (pp. 9–27). Cham: Springer.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  19. Tanenbaum, A. S., Gamage, C., & Crispo, B. (2006). Taking sensor networks from the lab to the jungle. Computer, 39(8), 98–100.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Varghese, S. G., Kurian, C. P., George, V. I., John, A., Nayak, V., & Upadhyay, A. (2019). Comparative study of ZigBee topologies for IoT-based lighting automation. IET Wireless Sensor Systems, 9, 201–207.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

This research received no external funding.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Uttarakhand Technical University, Dehradun, India

    Ompal

  2. Bipin Tripathi Kumaon Institute of Technology, Dwarahat, Uttarakhand, India

    Vishnu Mohan Mishra

  3. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, India

    Adesh Kumar

Authors
  1. Ompal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Vishnu Mohan Mishra
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Adesh Kumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Adesh Kumar.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ompal, Mishra, V.M. & Kumar, A. Zigbee Internode Communication and FPGA Synthesis Using Mesh, Star and Cluster Tree Topological Chip. Wireless Pers Commun 119, 1321–1339 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-021-08282-w

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-021-08282-w

Keywords

Search

Navigation