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Improving Positioning Accuracy Using Optimization Approaches: A Survey, Research Challenges and Future Perspectives

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Abstract

The current onboard wireless and sensors technologies have a significant role in improving day-to-day users’ activities. Examples of these technologies are WiFi, Bluetooth, Cellular, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), proximity, camera, and inertial sensors. Using these technologies provides many applications from the range of communication to the location-based systems (LBS). The LBSs locate people and objects from outdoors into indoors for many purposes, including navigation, entertainment services, and even for security issues. However, the most notable limitations of these technologies include a lack of accuracy and cost-efficiency. Several research types have been attempted to tackle these issues by combining the various technologies, using smart models, and applying optimization algorithms. Therefore, this study reviews many models on the shelf and analyzes the models according to their improvement of accuracy, reduction of time to fix, and cost-efficiency. Specifically, in this study, the optimization algorithms used for positioning purposes are investigated and classified into two groups of algorithms: statistical and non-statistical algorithms. Further, the study also illustrates the weaknesses and limitations of the surveyed algorithms. Finally, the famous challenges and future trends are listed to provide a useful guide for the current readers.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Information System Engineering Techniques, Erbil Technical Engineering College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region-F.R., Iraq

    Safar Maghdid Asaad

  2. Department of Software Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Koya University, University Park, Koya-Erbil, Kurdistan Region-F.R., Iraq

    Safar Maghdid Asaad

  3. Department of Software Engineering, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Iraq

    Moayad Yousif Potrus & Kayhan Zrar Ghafoor

  4. Department of Computer Science, Knowledge University, University Park, Kirkuk Road, Erbil, 44001, Iraq

    Kayhan Zrar Ghafoor

  5. Department of Software Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Koya University, Koysinjaq, Kurdistan Region-F.R., Iraq

    Halgurd S. Maghdid

  6. Department of Computer Science and Information Systems, Saginaw Valley State University, University Center, MI, USA

    Aos Mulahuwaish

Authors
  1. Safar Maghdid Asaad
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  2. Moayad Yousif Potrus
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  3. Kayhan Zrar Ghafoor
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  4. Halgurd S. Maghdid
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  5. Aos Mulahuwaish
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Correspondence to Aos Mulahuwaish.

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The authors of this paper have declared that, The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare that are relevant to the content of this article. All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest or non-financial interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript. The authors have no financial or proprietary interests in any material discussed in this article.

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Asaad, S.M., Potrus, M.Y., Ghafoor, K.Z. et al. Improving Positioning Accuracy Using Optimization Approaches: A Survey, Research Challenges and Future Perspectives. Wireless Pers Commun 122, 3393–3409 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-021-09090-y

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