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Multi-User Transmit Beamforming for Achieving Higher Capacity and Reliability in 5G Standards

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Abstract

Multi-user multiple input multiple output (MU-MIMO) serves multiple users simultaneously by sharing the same channel and bandwidth. The performance degrades in presence of multi-user interference. The multi-user beamforming (precoding) techniques came into existence to tackle these interference. This paper investigates the performance of downlink MU-MIMO by optimally designing the transmit beamforming with known channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT). Several linear precoding algorithms are employed to accomplish this goal. However, linear precoding techniques such as maximum ratio transmission (MRT), zero forcing (ZF) and minimum mean square error (MMSE) do not provide achievable performance at all signal to noise ratios (SNRs) equally. The transmit beamforming can be designed optimally by formulating the convex optimization problem. This optimal multi-user beamforming improves the performance at all SNRs. Practically, it is hard to get the optimal solution for non convex problems. Therefore, multi-user performance is improved over linear precoding algorithms at all signal levels by introducing joint processing techniques of both linear and non-linear types. Tomlinson Harashima precoding (THP) is a non-linear precoding technique which provides the best solution to improve the performance at high SNR by minimizing the multi-user interference. This paper uses two non-linear algorithms based THP such as MMSE-THP and ZF-THP. The performance of the schemes have been evaluated both by analysis and simulations. It has been observed that MMSE-THP attains significant performance improvement over ZF-THP.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Gayatri Vidya Parishad College of Engineering(A), Visakhapatnam, India

    Neelima Namburi & N. Deepika Rani

  2. Indian Institute of Information Technology Kalyani, Kalyani, India

    Debasish Bera

Authors
  1. Neelima Namburi
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  2. N. Deepika Rani
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  3. Debasish Bera
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Correspondence to Neelima Namburi.

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Namburi, N., Rani, N.D. & Bera, D. Multi-User Transmit Beamforming for Achieving Higher Capacity and Reliability in 5G Standards. Wireless Pers Commun 124, 2211–2227 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-021-09452-6

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