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Tide-tree: A self-tuning indexing scheme for hybrid storage system

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Abstract

Main memory index is built with the assumption that the RAM is sufficiently large to hold data. Due to the volatility and high unit price of main memory, indices under secondary memory such as SSD and HDD are widely used. However, the I/O operation with main memory is still the bottleneck for query efficiency. In this paper, we propose a self-tuning indexing scheme called Tide-tree for RAM/Disk-based hybrid storage system. Tide-tree aims to overcome the obstacles main memory and disk-based indices face, and performs like the tide to achieve a double-win in space and performance, which is self-adaptive with respect to the running environment. Particularly, Tide-tree delaminates the tree structure adaptively with high efficiency based on storage sense, and applies an effective self-tuning algorithm to dynamically load various nodes into main memory. We employ memory mapping technology to solve the persistent problem of main memory index, and improves the efficiency of data synchronism and pointer translation. To further enhance the independence of Tide-tree, we employ the index head and the level address table to manage the whole index. With the index head, three efficient operations are proposed, namely index rebuild, index load and range search. We have conducted extensive experiments to compare the Tide-tree with several state-of-the-art indices, and the results have validated the high efficiency, reusability and stability of Tide-tree.

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Notes

  1. http://db.csail.mit.edu/sigmod11contest/

  2. http://linux.die.net/man/2/mmap

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  4. http://redis.io/

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Acknowledgments

This work is partially supported by the Australian Research Council’s Discovery Projects Scheme (DP170102726), the National Natural Foundation of China under Grant No. 91646204, 61373015, 61300052, 41301047, 71322104, the Funding of Jiangsu Innovation Program for Graduate Education under Grant No.SJZZ_0043, and National Center for International Joint Research on E-Business Information Processing (2013B01035).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia

    Sheng Wang & Zhifeng Bao

  2. School of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China

    Xiaolin Qin & Bohan Li

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  1. Sheng Wang
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  2. Xiaolin Qin
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  3. Zhifeng Bao
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Correspondence to Zhifeng Bao.

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Wang, S., Qin, X., Bao, Z. et al. Tide-tree: A self-tuning indexing scheme for hybrid storage system. World Wide Web 20, 1017–1045 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11280-016-0426-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11280-016-0426-9

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