Skip to main content
Log in

Distributed Event-Triggered Tracking Control of Heterogeneous Discrete-Time Multi-Agent Systems with Unknown Parameters

  • Published:
Journal of Systems Science and Complexity Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper, a novel design framework is developed to solve the cooperative tracking problem of heterogeneous discrete-time multi-agent systems with unknown agent parameters and directed communication topologies. First, a distributed event-triggered observer is developed to handle the heterogeneity of the multi-agent systems. An event-triggering mechanism is proposed to reduce the amount of data transmission between neighboring agents. Then, based on the proposed observer, a discrete-time distributed model reference adaptive controller is presented to deal with the unknown parameters of the multi-agent systems. It is shown that by using the proposed observer and the model reference adaptive controller, the proposed design framework could achieve output tracking of the unknown multi-agent systems for any communication graph containing a directed spanning tree. Finally, an example is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Yu X, Xu X, Liu L, et al., Circular formation of networked dynamic unicycles by a distributed dynamic control law, Automatica, 2018, 89: 1–7.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  2. Zhang W, Feng G, and Yu L, Multi-rate distributed fusion estimation for sensor networks with packet losses, Automatica, 2012, 48(9): 2016–2028.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  3. Su H, Wang X, and Lin Z, Flocking of multi-agents with a virtual leader, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 2009, 54(2): 293–307.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  4. Yang Y, Liu F, Yang H, et al., Distributed finite-time integral sliding-mode control for multi-agent systems with multiple disturbances based on nonlinear disturbance observers, Journal of Systems Science & Complexity, 2021, 34(3): 995–1013.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  5. Shahnazi R, Cooperative neuro adaptive control of leader following uncertain multi-agent systems with unknown hysteresis and dead-zone, Journal of Systems Science & Complexity, 2020, 33(2): 312–332.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  6. Huang J, Wen G, Peng Z, et al., Cluster-delay consensus for second-order nonlinear multi-agent systems, Journal of Systems Science & Complexity, 2020, 33(2): 333–344.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  7. Ma L, He F, Wang L, et al., A non-convex optimization approach to dynamic coverage problem of multi-agent systems in an environment with obstacles, Journal of Systems Science & Complexity, 2020, 33(2): 426–445.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  8. Wang J, Shi L, and Guan X, Semi-global leaderless consensus of linear multi-agent systems with actuator and communication constraints, Journal of Systems Science & Complexity, 2020, 33(4): 882–902.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  9. Sun H, Wang Z, Xu J, et al., Exact consensus error for multi-agent systems with additive noises, Journal of Systems Science & Complexity, 2020, 33(3): 640–651.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  10. Zhang D, Feng G, Shi Y, et al., Physical safety and cyber security analysis of multi-agent systems: A survey of recent advances, IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica, https://doi.org/10.1109/JAS.2021.1003820.

  11. Xu X, Liu L, and Feng G, Consensus of single integrator multi-agent systems with unbounded transmission delays, Journal of Systems Science & Complexity, 2019, 32(3): 778–788.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  12. Liu X, Xuan Y, Zhang Z, et al., Event-triggered consensus for discrete-time multi-agent systems with parameter uncertainties based on a predictive control scheme, Journal of Systems Science & Complexity, 2020, 33(3): 706–724.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  13. Yang R, Peng L, Yang Y, et al., Bipartite consensus of linear multi-agent systems by distributed event-triggered control, Journal of Systems Science & Complexity, 2021, 34(3): 955–974.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  14. Dimarogonas D V, Frazzoli E, and Johansson K H, Distributed event-triggered control for multi-agent systems, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 2012, 57(5): 1291–1297.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  15. Seyboth G S, Dimarogonas D V, and Johansson K H, Event-based broadcasting for multi-agent average consensus, Automatica, 2013, 49(1): 245–252.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  16. Fan Y, Feng G, Wang Y, et al., Distributed event-triggered control of multi-agent systems with combinational measurements, Automatica, 2013, 49(2): 671–675.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  17. Zhang H, Feng G, Yan H, et al., Observer-based output feedback event-triggered control for consensus of multi-agent systems, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2014, 61(9): 4885–4894.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Hu W and Liu L, Cooperative output regulation of heterogeneous linear multi-agent systems by event-triggered control, IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics, 2017, 47(1): 105–116.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Hu W, Liu L, and Feng G, Output consensus of heterogeneous linear multi-agent systems by distributed event-triggered/self-triggered strategy, IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics, 2017, 47(8): 1914–1924.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Hu W, Liu L, and Feng G, Cooperative output regulation of linear multi-agent systems by intermittent communication: A unified framework of time-and event-triggering strategies, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 2018, 63(2): 548–555.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  21. Yang R, Zhang H, Feng G, et al., Distributed event-triggered adaptive control for cooperative output regulation of heterogeneous multiagent systems under switching topology, IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems, 2018, 29(9): 4347–4358.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Yang R, Zhang H, Feng G, et al., Robust cooperative output regulation of multi-agent systems via adaptive event-triggered control, Automatica, 2019, 102: 129–136.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  23. Qian Y, Liu L, and Feng G, Output consensus of heterogeneous linear multi-agent systems with adaptive event-triggered control, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 2019, 64(6): 2606–2613.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  24. Li L, Ho D W, and Xu S, A distributed event-triggered scheme for discrete-time multi-agent consensus with communication delays, IET Control Theory & Applications, 2014, 8(10): 830–837.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  25. Zhu W, Pu H, Wang D, et al., Event-based consensus of second-order multi-agent systems with discrete time, Automatica, 2017, 79: 78–83.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  26. Chen M Z, Zhang L, Su H, et al., Event-based synchronisation of linear discrete-time dynamical networks, IET Control Theory & Applications, 2015, 9(5): 755–765.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  27. Wang D, Zhou Q, and Zhu W, Adaptive event-based consensus of multi-agent systems with general linear dynamics, Journal of Systems Science & Complexity, 2018, 31(1): 120–129.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  28. Zhang H, Feng G, Yan H, et al., Distributed self-triggered control for consensus of multi-agent systems, IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatia Sinica, 2014, 1(1): 40–45.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Li Z and Ding Z, Distributed adaptive consensus and output tracking of unknown linear systems on directed graphs, Automatica, 2015, 55: 12–18.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  30. Baldi S, Yuan S, and Frasca P, Output synchronization of unknown heterogeneous agents via distributed model reference adaptation, IEEE Transactions on Control of Network Systems, 2018, 6(2): 515–525.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  31. Ding Z, Distributed adaptive consensus output regulation of network-connected heterogeneous unknown linear systems on directed graphs, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 2017, 62(9): 4683–4690.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  32. Yang R, Liu L, and Feng G, Cooperative output tracking of unknown heterogeneous linear systems by distributed event-triggered adaptive control, IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics, https://doi.org/10.1109/TCYB.2019.2962305.

  33. Hu J and Hong Y, Leader-following coordination of multi-agent systems with coupling time delays, Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications, 2007, 374(2): 853–863.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  34. Ioannou P and Fidan B, Adaptive Control Tutorial, SIAM, Philadelphia, USA, 2006.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  35. Tao G, Adaptive Control Design and Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, New Jersey, 2003.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  36. Yan Y and Huang J, Cooperative output regulation of discrete-time linear time-delay multi-agent systems, IET Control Theory & Applications, 2016, 10(16): 2019–2026.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  37. Huang J, Nonlinear Output Regulation: Theory and Applications, SIAM, New Jersey, 2004.

    Book  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Ruohan Yang or Deyun Zhou.

Additional information

This work was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No. D5000210690.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Yang, R., Zhou, D. Distributed Event-Triggered Tracking Control of Heterogeneous Discrete-Time Multi-Agent Systems with Unknown Parameters. J Syst Sci Complex 35, 1330–1347 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11424-022-1003-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11424-022-1003-1

Keywords

Navigation