Abstract
The analysis and the characterization of atrial fibrillation (AF) requires, in a previous key step, the extraction of the atrial activity (AA) free from 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). This contribution proposes a novel non-invasive approach for the AA estimation in AF episodes. The method is based on blind source extraction (BSE) using high order statistics (HOS). The validity and performance of this algorithm are confirmed by extensive computer simulations and experiments on real-world data. In contrast to blind source separation (BSS) methods, BSE only extract one desired signal, and it is easy for the machine to judge whether the extracted signal is AA source by calculating its spectrum concentration, while it is hard for the machine using BSS method to judge which one of the separated twelve signals is AA source. Therefore, the proposed method is expected to have great potential in clinical monitoring.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Rieta J J, Castells F, Sanchez C, et al. Atrial activity extraction for atrial fibrillation analysis using blind source separation. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng, 2004, 51(7): 1176–1186
Castells F, Rieta J J, Millet J, et al. Spatiotemporal blind source separation approach to atrial activity estimation in atrial tachyarrhythmias. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng, 2005, 52(2): 258–267
Castells F, Igual J, Millet J, et al. Atrial activity extraction from atrial fibrillation episodes based on maximum likelihood source separation. Sig Proc, 2005, 85(3): 523–535
Langley P, Rieta J J, Stridh M, et al. Comparison of atrial signal extraction algorithms in 12-lead ECGs with atrial fibrillation. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng, 2006, 53(2): 343–346
Rieta J J. Derivation of atrial surface reentries applying ICA to the standard electrocardiogram of patients in postoperative atrial fibrillation. Lecture Notes in Computer Sci, 2006, 3889: 478–485
Astrom E C M, Sornmo L, Laguna P, et al. Vectorcardiographic loop alignment and the measurement of morphologic beat-to-beat variability in noisy signals. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng, 2000, 46: 497–506
Stridh M, Sörnmo L. Spatiotemporal QRST cancellation techniques for analysis of atrial fibrillation. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng, 2001, 48(1): 105–111
Langley P, Bourke J P, Murray A. Frequency analysis of atrial fibrillation. Comput Cardiol, 2000, 27: 65–68
Cichocki A, Amari S. Adaptive Blind Signal and Image Processing. NewYork: Jonh Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2003
Ye J M, Zhang X D, Zhu X L. Blind source separation with unknown and dynamically changing number of source signals. Sci China Ser F-Inf Sci, 2006, 49(5): 627–638
Hyvarien A, Oja E. Fast and robust fixed-point algorithm for independent component analysis. IEEE Trans Neural Networks, 1999, 10(3): 626–634
Wang Gang, Rao Nini, Zhang Zhilin, et al. An extended online fast-ICA algorithm. Lecture Notes in Computer Sci, 2006, 3972: 1109–1114
Cichocki A, Thawonmas R, Amari S. Sequential blind signal extraction in order specified by stochastic properties. Elect Lett, 1997, 33(1): 64–65
Barros A K, Cichocki A. Extraction of specific signals with temporal structure. Neural Comput, 2001, 13(9): 1995–2000
Zhang Z L, Zhang Y. Robust extraction of specific signals with temporal structure. Neurocomputing, 2006, (69): 888–893
Zhang Z L, Zhang Y. Extraction of a source signal whose kurtosis value lies in a specific range. Neurocomputing, 2006, (69): 894–899
Lu W, Rajapakse J C. Approach and applications of constrained ICA. IEEE Trans Neural Network, 2005, 16(1): 203–212
Lu W, Rajapakse J C. ICA with reference. In: Proceedings of International Conference on Third International Conference on Independent Component Analysis and Blind Source Separation, 2001. 120–125
Liu W, Mandic D P, Cichocki A. A class of novel blind source extraction algorithms based on a linear predictor. The 2005 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), Kobe, Japan, 2005, 4: 3599–3602
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Supported by the project of the Training Foundation of Sichuan Academic and Technical Leaders (Grant No. 901008); the project of application groundwork of Sichuan (Grant No. J13 - 075) and the Training Plans of Young and Middle Elite of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (Grant No. 601016)
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wang, G., Rao, N. & Zhang, Y. Atrial fibrillatory signal estimation using blind source extraction algorithm based on high-order statistics. Sci. China Ser. F-Inf. Sci. 51, 1572–1584 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-008-0105-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-008-0105-2