Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A compact polarization-integrated long wavelength infrared focal plane array based on InAs/GaSb superlattice

  • Research Paper
  • Published:
Science China Information Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Real-time polarization imaging plays a vital role in target detection, recognition, and tracking in complex scenes. However, large optical crosstalk and the integration technology are difficult problems in the development of polarization-integrated infrared detectors. We demonstrate a monolithic long wavelength infrared (LWIR) InAs/GaSb superlattice focal plane array (FPA) integrated with the polarizer. To obtain high performance and real-time polarization imaging device, the parameters of the grating were optimized and the optical crosstalk between adjacent polarization bands was studied. We analysis the light diffraction depending on the distance between the polarizer and photosensitive elements, and the coupling between oblique incident light and device. The fabrication process of the antireflective polarizer, the integration technology of polarizer and the FPA composed of 512×4×3 pixels were explored. Finally, a polarization integrated focal plane array (PI-FPA) was fabricated to detect polarized light with different oscillating directions. The large response extinction ratio of corresponding polarization bands was measured as 50:1, 49:1, and 44:1 of 0°, 60°, and 120°, respectively.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Demos S G, Alfano R R. Optical polarization imaging. Appl Opt, 1997, 36: 150–155

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Louie D C, Phillips J, Tchvialeva L, et al. Degree of optical polarization as a tool for detecting melanoma: proof of principle. J Biomed Opt, 2018, 23: 125004

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Tong L, Huang X Y, Wang P, et al. Stable mid-infrared polarization imaging based on quasi-2D tellurium at room temperature. Nat Commun, 2020, 11: 2308

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Ippolito S. Microscopy: polarized high-resolution imaging. Nat Photon, 2008, 2: 273–274

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Rubin N A, D’Aversa G, Chevalier P, et al. Matrix Fourier optics enables a compact full-Stokes polarization camera. Science, 2019, 365: 1839

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Ahmed A, Zhao X, Gruev V, et al. Residual interpolation for division of focal plane polarization image sensors. Opt Express, 2017, 25: 10651

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Shi Z, Zhu A Y, Li Z, et al. Continuous angle-tunable birefringence with freeform metasurfaces for arbitrary polarization conversion. Sci Adv, 2020, 6: 3367

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Osborne I S. A metasurface polarization camera. Science, 2019, 365: 40–42

    Google Scholar 

  9. Plis E A. InAs/GaSb type-II superlattice detectors. Adv Electron, 2014, 2014: 1–12

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Rogalski A, Martyniuk P, Kopytko M. InAs/GaSb type-II superlattice infrared detectors: future prospect. Appl Phys Rev, 2017, 4: 031304

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Delli E, Letka V, Hodgson P D, et al. Mid-infrared InAs/InAsSb superlattice nBn photodetector monolithically integrated onto silicon. ACS Photonics, 2019, 6: 538–544

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Sun D, Li T, Yang B, et al. Research on polarization performance of InGaAs focal plane array integrated with superpixel-structured subwavelength grating. Opt Express, 2019, 27: 9447

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Sun D, Feng B, Yang B, et al. Design and fabrication of an InGaAs focal plane array integrated with linear-array polarization grating. Opt Lett, 2020, 45: 1559–1562

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Kim J O, Yoon S, Kang B, et al. Linear polarization detection of type II InAs/GaSb superlattice infrared photodetectors. In: Proceedings of Asia Communications and Photonics Conference, Hong Kong, 2015

  15. Müller R, Gramich V, Wauro M, et al. High operating temperature InAs/GaSb type-II superlattice detectors on GaAs substrate for the long wavelength infrared. Infrared Phys Tech, 2019, 96: 141–144

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Harchanko J, Pezzaniti L, Chenault D, et al. Comparing a MWIR and LWIR polarimetric imager for surface swimmer detection. In: Proceedings of SPIE, 2008

  17. Gurton K P, Felton M. Remote detection of buried land-mines and IEDs using LWIR polarimetric imaging. Opt Express, 2012, 20: 22344–22359

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Felton M, Gurton K P, Pezzaniti J L, et al. Measured comparison of the crossover periods for mid- and long-wave IR (MWIR and LWIR) polarimetric and conventional thermal imagery. Opt Express, 2010, 18: 15704–15713

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Pezzaniti J L, Chenault D, Gurton K, et al. Detection of obscured targets with IR polarimetric imaging. In: Proceedings of SPIE, 2014

  20. Kristan P G, Alex J Y, Gorden V. LWIR polarimetry for enhanced facial recognition in thermal imagery. In: Proceedings of SPIE, 2014

  21. Dai J, Boffety M, Goudail F. Effect of imaging geometry and noise model on polarimetric contrast optimization. Appl Opt, 2019, 58: 2100–2111

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Wendt J R, Carter T R, Samora S, et al. Micropolarizing device for long wavelength infrared polarization imaging. 2006

  23. Kristan G, Melvin F, Robert M, et al. MidIR and LWIR polarimetric sensor comparison study. In: Proceedings of SPIE, 2010

  24. Pors A, Nielsen M G, Bozhevolnyi S I. Plasmonic metagratings for simultaneous determination of Stokes parameters. Optica, 2015, 2: 716–723

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Yang Z Y, Wang Z K, Wang Y X, et al. Generalized Hartmann-Shack array of dielectric metalens sub-arrays for polarimetric beam profiling. Nat Commun, 2018, 9: 4607

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Schott J R. Fundamentals of polarimetric remote sensing, In: Proceedings of SPIE, 2009

  27. Wu Z, Powers P E, Sarangan A M, et al. Optical characterization of wiregrid micropolarizers designed for infrared imaging polarimetry. Opt Lett, 2008, 33: 1653–1655

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Xia J, Yuan Z H, Wang C, et al. Design and fabrication of a linear polarizer in the 8–12 µm infrared region with multilayer nanogratings. OSA Continuum, 2019, 2: 1683–1692

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (Grant Nos. 61904183, 61974152, 61534006), National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFB0402403), Innovation Engineering Frontier Program of SITP, CAS (Grant No. 233), and Youth Innovation Promotion Association, CAS (Grant No. 2016219).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Infrared Imaging Materials and Devices, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China

    Jian Zhou, Yi Zhou, Ying Shi, Fangfang Wang, Zhicheng Xu, Zhizhong Bai, Min Huang, Lulu Zheng, Zhaoming Liang, Yihong Zhu, Qingqing Xu, Yiming Shen, Xiangxiao Ying & Jianxin Chen

  2. Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China

    Yi Zhou & Jianxin Chen

Authors
  1. Jian Zhou
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yi Zhou
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ying Shi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Fangfang Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Zhicheng Xu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Zhizhong Bai
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Min Huang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Lulu Zheng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Zhaoming Liang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. Yihong Zhu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  11. Qingqing Xu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  12. Yiming Shen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  13. Xiangxiao Ying
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  14. Jianxin Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Yi Zhou or Jianxin Chen.

Additional information

Supporting information

Appendixes A–C. The supporting information is available online at info.scichina.com and link.springer.com. The supporting materials are published as submitted, without typesetting or editing. The responsibility for scientific accuracy and content remains entirely with the authors.

Supplementary File

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zhou, J., Zhou, Y., Shi, Y. et al. A compact polarization-integrated long wavelength infrared focal plane array based on InAs/GaSb superlattice. Sci. China Inf. Sci. 65, 122407 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-021-3252-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-021-3252-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation