Abstract
With the proliferation of the Internet of Things, uplink transmission performance has become more and more important. Moreover, with the traditional coupled uplink (UL)/downlink (DL) access (CUDA) mode, it is becoming hard to improve the system performance of UL in ultra dense heterogeneous networks (UDN, or HetNets). In this paper, we have conducted a UL performance comparison study for the decoupled UL/DL access (DUDA) mode over the CUDA mode in UDN. The key performance indicators of local delay and energy efficiency (EE) were investigated with respect to SIR threshold, ratio of small cell base station (SBS) and macro cell base station (MBS) densities, and fractional power control (FPC) factor. Numerical and simulation results confirm that the local delay is lower and the EE is higher under DUDA than under CUDA, and as such the DUDA mode is superior to the CUDA mode for the UL performance of UDN.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Guo W S, Liakata M, Mosquera G, et al. Big data methods for ultra dense-network deployment. In: Ultra-Dense Networks for 5G and Beyond: Modelling, Analysis, and Applications. Hoboken: Wiley, 2019. 203–230
Wong V W S, Schober R, Ng D W K. Key Technologies for 5G Wireless Systems. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017
Li P, Shen Y, Sahito F, et al. BS sleeping strategy for energy-delay tradeoff in wireless-backhauling UDN. Sci China Inf Sci, 2019, 62: 042303
Feng D Q, Lai L F, Luo J J, et al. Ultra-reliable and low-latency communications: applications, opportunities and challenges. Sci China Inf Sci, 2021, 64: 120301
Kose A, Han C, Foh C H, et al. Impact of mobility on communication latency and reliability in dense HetNets. In: Proceedings of the 89th Vehicular Technology Conference, 2019
Dong X J, Zheng F C, Zhu X, et al. On the local delay and energy efficiency of clustered HetNets. IEEE Trans Veh Technol, 2019, 68: 2987–2999
Nie W, Zhong Y, Zheng F C, et al. HetNets with random DTX scheme: local delay and energy efficiency. IEEE Trans Veh Technol, 2016, 65: 6601–6613
Dong X J, Zheng F C, Liu R X, et al. On the local delay and energy efficiency of HetNets with user mobility. In: Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Communications, 2018
Marandi L, Naslcheraghi M, Ghorashi S A, et al. Delay analysis in full-duplex heterogeneous cellular networks. IEEE Trans Veh Technol, 2019, 68: 9713–9721
Lahad B, Ibrahim M, Lahoud S, et al. Joint modeling of TDD and decoupled uplink/downlink access in 5G HetNets with multiple small cells deployment. IEEE Trans Mobile Comput, 2021, 20: 2395–2411
Arif M, Wyne S, Navaie K, et al. Decoupled downlink and uplink access for aerial terrestrial heterogeneous cellular networks. IEEE Access, 2020, 8: 111172
Lahad B, Ibrahim M, Lahoud S, et al. Analytical evaluation of decoupled uplink and downlink access in TDD 5G HetNets. In: Proceedings of the 29th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, 2018
Zhang L, Nie W L, Feng G, et al. Uplink performance improvement by decoupling uplink/downlink access in HetNets. IEEE Trans Veh Technol, 2017, 66: 6862–6876
Sial M N, Ahmed J. A realistic uplink-downlink coupled and decoupled user association technique for K-tier 5G HetNets. Arabian J Sci Eng, 2018, 44: 2185–2204
Jo H S, Sang Y J, Xia P, et al. Heterogeneous cellular networks with flexible cell association: a comprehensive downlink SINR analysis. IEEE Trans Wirel Commun, 2012, 11: 3484–3495
Zhang J, Xiang L, Ng D W K, et al. Energy efficiency evaluation of multi-tier cellular uplink transmission under maximum power constraint. IEEE Trans Wirel Commun, 2017, 16: 7092–7107
Novlan T D, Dhillon H S, Andrews J G. Analytical modeling of uplink cellular networks. IEEE Trans Wirel Commun, 2013, 12: 2669–2679
Nie W L, Zheng F C, Wang X M, et al. User-centric cross-tier base station clustering and cooperation in heterogeneous networks: rate improvement and energy saving. IEEE J Sel Areas Commun, 2016, 34: 1192–1206
Acknowledgements
This work was supported in part by National Major Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2020YFB1805005) and Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (Grant Nos. KQTD20190929172545139, JCYJ201803061718-15699).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Huang, T., Zheng, FC. & Lai, L. On the local delay and energy efficiency under decoupled uplink and downlink in HetNets. Sci. China Inf. Sci. 65, 132304 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-021-3306-4
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11432-021-3306-4