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Minimally invasive registration for computer-assisted orthopedic surgery: combining tracked ultrasound and bone surface points via the P-IMLOP algorithm

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International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

We present a registration method for computer-assisted total hip replacement (THR) surgery, which we demonstrate to improve the state of the art by both reducing the invasiveness of current methods and increasing registration accuracy. A critical element of computer-guided procedures is the determination of the spatial correspondence between the patient and a computational model of patient anatomy. The current method for establishing this correspondence in robot-assisted THR is to register points intraoperatively sampled by a tracked pointer from the exposed proximal femur and, via auxiliary incisions, from the distal femur.

Methods

In this paper, we demonstrate a noninvasive technique for sampling points on the distal femur using tracked B-mode ultrasound imaging and present a new algorithm for registering these data called Projected Iterative Most-Likely Oriented Point (P-IMLOP). Points and normal orientations of the distal bone surface are segmented from ultrasound images and registered to the patient model along with points sampled from the exposed proximal femur via a tracked pointer.

Results

The proposed approach is evaluated using a bone- and tissue-mimicking leg phantom constructed to enable accurate assessment of experimental registration accuracy with respect to a CT-image-based model of the phantom. These experiments demonstrate that localization of the femur shaft is greatly improved by tracked ultrasound. The experiments further demonstrate that, for ultrasound-based data, the P-IMLOP algorithm significantly improves registration accuracy compared to the standard ICP algorithm.

Conclusion

Registration via tracked ultrasound and the P-IMLOP algorithm has high potential to reduce the invasiveness and improve the registration accuracy of computer-assisted orthopedic procedures.

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Acknowledgments

Support and funding for this work was provided by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program, Johns Hopkins Internal Funds, and THINK Surgical, Inc.

Conflict of interest

Emad Boctor, Peter Kazanzides, and Russell Taylor have a grant from THINK Surgical, Inc. The authors declare that they have no other conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA

    Seth Billings, Hyun Jae Kang, Alexis Cheng, Peter Kazanzides & Russell Taylor

  2. Division of Medical Imaging Physics, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA

    Emad Boctor

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  1. Seth Billings
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  2. Hyun Jae Kang
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  3. Alexis Cheng
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  4. Emad Boctor
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  5. Peter Kazanzides
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  6. Russell Taylor
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Correspondence to Seth Billings.

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Billings, S., Kang, H.J., Cheng, A. et al. Minimally invasive registration for computer-assisted orthopedic surgery: combining tracked ultrasound and bone surface points via the P-IMLOP algorithm. Int J CARS 10, 761–771 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-015-1188-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-015-1188-z

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