Abstract
In this paper, a new method is presented for image formation in a Multistatic Passive Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), whose receiver is moving and transmitters are stationary in a multistatic structure, and the signal used to create the image is DVB-T. The proposed method uses multiple transmitters of opportunity to improve the range resolution of a Passive SAR. First, a linear observation model is developed for multistatic structure of the Passive SAR system. Then, the image of the underlying scene is obtained through a new Kalman-based estimation algorithm. In this algorithm, range migration error is completely corrected, and the use of Kalman recursive filter reduces the computational complexity of the reflection coefficients estimation algorithm. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm is effective.
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial.
Digital Audio Broadcasting.
Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access.
Global System for Mobile Communications.
Frequency Modulation.
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing.
Ultra High Frequency.
Very High Frequency.
Quadrature Phase Shift Keying.
16 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation.
References
Goodman, W.G., Majewski, R.S.: Spotlight Synthetic Aperture Radar,
Qiu, X., Ding, C., Hu, D.: Bistatic SAR Data Processing Algorithms, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. P. R, China (2013)
Byrd, A.D., Palmer, R.D., Fulton, C.J.: Development of a low-cost multistatic passive weather radar network. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 58(4), 2796–2808 (2020)
Yongsheng, Z., Dexiu, H., Yongjun, Z., Zhixin, L.: Moving target localization for multistatic passive radar using delay, Doppler and Doppler rate measurements. J. Syst. Eng. Electron. 31(5), 939–949 (2020)
Geng, Z., Xu, R., Deng, H.: LTE-based multistatic passive radar system for UAV detection. IEEE Proc. Radar Sonar Navig. 14(7), 1088–1097 (2020)
Yonel, B., Mason, E., Yazici, B.: Deep learning for passive synthetic aperture radar. IEEE J Sel Topics Signal Process 12(1), 90–103 (2018)
Mason, E., Son, Y., Yazici, B.: Passive synthetic aperture radar imaging using low-rank matrix recovery methods. IEEE J Sel. Topics Signal Process. 9(8), 1570–1582 (2015)
Gromek, D., Krysik, P., Kulpa, K., Samczynski P., Malanowski, M.: Ground-based mobile passive imagery based on a DVB-T signal of opportunity. Proc. Int. Conf. International Radar Conference (Radar), Lille, France, 2014, pp. 1–4
Fang, Y., Atkinson, G., Sayin, A., Chen, J.: Improved passive SAR imaging with DVB-T transmissions. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 58(7), 2066–5076 (2020)
Gromek, D., Samczynski, P., Kulpa, K., Krysik, P., Malanowski, M.: Initial results of passive SAR imaging using a DVB-T based airborne radar receiver. Proc. Int. Conf. European Radar Conference (EuRAD), Rome, Italy, 2014, pp. 137–140
Gromek, D., Kulpa, K., Samczynski, P.: Experimental results of passive SAR imaging using DVB-T illuminators of opportunity. IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett. 13(8), 1124–1128 (2016)
Gromek, D., Radecki, K., Drozdowicz, J., Samczynski, P., Szabatin, J.: Passive SAR imaging using DVB-T illumination for airborne applications. IET Radar Sonar Navig. 13(2), 213–221 (2019)
Evers, A., Jackson, J.: Experimental passive SAR imaging exploiting LTE, DVB, and DAB signals. Proc. Int. Conf. IEEE Radar conference, Cincinnati, OH, USA , 2014, pp. 0680–0685
Arroyo, J.R.G.D., Jackson, J.A.: Collecting and Processing WiMAX Ground Returns for SAR Imaging. Proc. Int. Conf. IEEE Radar conference, Ottawa, ON, Canada , 2013, pp. 1–6
Krysik, P., Kulpa, K.: The use of a GSM-based passive radar for sea target detection. Proc. Int. Conf. European Radar Conference (EuRAD), Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2012, pp. 142–145,
Krysik, P., Maslikowski, L., Samczynski, P., Kurowska, A.: Bistatic ground-based passive SAR imaging using TerraSAR-X as an illuminator of opportunity. Proc. Int. Conf. IEEE International conference on radar, Adelaide, SA, Australia, 2013, pp. 39–42
Cassola, M.R., Prats, P., Schulze, D., Ramon, N.T., Steinbrecher, U., Marotti, L., Nannini, M., Younis, M., Dokker, P.L., Zink, M., Reigber, A., Krieger, G., Moreira, A.: First bistatic SAR experiments with TanDEM-X. IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett. 9(1), 33–37 (2012)
Anghel, A., Cacoveanu, R., Moldovan, A.S., Popescu, A.A., Datcu, M., Serban, A.: Simplified bistatic SAR imaging with a fixed receiver and TerraSAR-X as transmitter of opportunity - First results. Proc. Int. Conf. IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), Beijing, China , 2016, pp. 2094–2097
Conti, M., Berizzi, F., Martorella, M., Mese, E.D., Petri, D., Capria, A.: High range resolution Multichannel DVB-T Passive Radar. IEEE Aerospace Electron. Syst. Mag. 27(10), 37–42 (2012)
Gromek, D., Samczy´nski, P., Kulpa, K., Misiurewicz, J., Gromek, A.: Analysis of range migration and Doppler history for an airborne passive bistatic SAR radar. Proc. Int. Conf. IEEE IRS, Gdansk, Poland, 2014, pp. 1–6
Ladebusch, U., Liss, C.A.: Terrestrial DVB: A Broadcast Technology for Stationary Potable Mobile Use. Proc. IEEE 94(1), 183–193 (2006)
European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI): Digital video broadcasting, Framing structure, channel coding and modulation for terrestrial television. European Standard (EN) 300 744 V1.5.1, 2004
Anderson, D.O., Moore, B.: Optimal Filtering, Prentice Hall, 2005, pp. 90–127
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ansari, F., Samadi, S. & Mohseni, R. Passive Synthetic Aperture Radar Imaging Using Kalman Reflection Coefficients Estimation Algorithm with DVB-T Signal. J Real-Time Image Proc 18, 2097–2109 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11554-021-01075-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11554-021-01075-1