Abstract
The oil and gas (O&G) industry on the Norwegian continental shelf (NCS) leads the world in terms of the number of subsea O&G installations. Ensuring the dependability of these assets is critical. Non-intrusive inspection, maintenance and repair (IMR) services are therefore needed to reduce risks. These services are planned and executed using a mono-hull offshore vessel complete with remotely operated vehicles (ROVs), a module handling system and an active heave compensated crane. Vessel time is shared between competing jobs, using a prioritized forward-looking schedule. Extension in planned job duration may have an impact on O&G production, service costs and health, safety, and environmental (HSE) risks. This paper maps factors influencing the job schedule efficiency. The influence factors are identified through reviews of literature as well as interviews with experts in one of the large IMR subsea service providers active on the Norwegian Continental Shelf. The findings show that the most obvious factors are weather disruption and water depth. Other factors include job complexity, job uncertainty, IMR equipment availability, as well as the mix of job complexity.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries — Design and Operation of Subsea Production Systems, Part 1: General Requirements and Recommendations, ISO 13628-1, pp. 7, 2005, [Online], Available: http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=36458, July 15th, 2009.
P. Mason. Evolution of subsea well systems. Offshore, July, 1st, 2006, [Online], Available: http://www.offshoremag.com/index/article-display/260202/s-articles/soffshore/s-volume-66/s-issue-7/s-subsea/s-evolution-ofsubsea-well -system-technology.html, July 19th, 2009.
J. R. Drechsler. The future’s technology needs in wireline operations. SPE International Presentation, Stavanger, November 12th, 2008, [Online], Available: http://www.spe.no/stavanger/doc/Presentasjoner/Statoil%20Hydro%20The%20futures%20technology%20needs%20in%20wireline%20ops.pdf, July 15th, 2009.
B. Youngson. Subsea activity rises with oil prices. Energy Current, November 5th, 2007, [Online], Available: http://www.energycurrent.com/index.php?print=6575, July 15th, 2009.
P. K. Munkerund, O. Inderberg. Riserless well intervention. In Proceedings of Offshore Technology Conference, Houston, Texas, USA, 2007, [Online], Available: http://www.otcnet.org/2007/technical/schedule/documents/otc187461.pdf, July 15th, 2009.
E. E. Uyiomendo. Factors Influencing on Schedule Delivery of IMR Services, Master dissertation, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway, 2009.
E. Hovland. Evaluation of Vessel Concepts for Subsea Operations in Northern Seas, Ph.D. dissertation No. 43, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway, 2007.
Maintenance Definitions, CEN PR-EN 13306, European Committee for Standardization, 1998.
M. Bayliss, D. Short, M. Bax. Underwater Inspection, Great Britain, Plymouth Ocean Projects, Ltd. Fort Bovisand Underwater Centre, St Edmundsbury Press Ltd., 1988.
Petroleum, Petrochemical and Natural Gas Industries — Production Assurance and Reliability Management, ISO 20815, 2008, [Online], Available: http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber= 39744, July 15th, 2009.
J. Barabady, T. Markeset, U. Kumar. Review and discussion of production assurance programs. International Journal of Quality and Reliability Management, vol. 27, 2010. (to be published)
Dependability Management — Part 3-10: Application Guide — Maintainability, IEC 60300-3-10, International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), Geneva, Switzerland, 2001.
C. Roberts, J. Strutt, C. Eriksen. Building a reliability strategy for subsea systems design: The case for a sector wide subsea reliability strategy. Paper presented at the International Conference on Long Distance Subsea Tiebacks, Amsterdam, Holand, 2001.
T. Aven. Reliability and Risk Analysis, Elsevier Applied Science, 1992.
N. Tendre. Subsea compression under review to safeguard Åsgard flow assurance. Offshore, August 1st, 2008, [Online], Available: http://www.offshore-mag.com/index/articledisplay/337893/s-articles/s-offshore/s-volume-68/s-issue-8/s-north-sea/s-subsea-compression-under-review-to-safeguard-aringsgard-flow-assurance.html, July 15th, 2009.
Criticality Analysis for Maintenance Purposes, NORSOK Z-008, 2001, Rev. 2, [Online], Available: http://www.standard.no/PageFiles/961/Z-008.pdf, July 15th, 2009.
O. Bruset. Unmanned subsea intervention technology in statoil. In Proceedings of the 7th Underwater Technology Conference, Bergen, Norway, pp. 201–238, 1992.
I. Polden. Standardization of subsea control systems. In Proceedings of the 8th Underwater Technology Conference, Bergen, Norway, pp. 445–467, 1994.
R. Trett. Cost effective intervention for subsea control systems. In Proceedings of the 8th Underwater Technology Conference, Bergen, Norway, pp. 216–231, 1994.
P. D. Gardiner. Project Management: A Strategic Planning Approach, Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005.
O. T. Gudmestad, P. E. Bjerke. Uncertainties in weather forecasting, a risk to offshore operations. In Proceedings of the 9th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference, Brest, France, vol. 2, pp. 375–380, 1999.
Action and Its Effects, 2nd ed., NORSOK N-003, 2007, [Online], Available: http://www.standard.no/PageFiles/1149/N-003e2.pdf, July 15th, 2009.
R. Buizza. Chaos and Weather Prediction, [Online], Available: http://www.ecmwf.int/newsevents/training/lecture_notes/pdf_files/PREDICT/ Chaos.pdf, July 15th, 2009.
M. A. von Glinow, S. A. Mohrman, Eds., Managing Complexity in High Technology Organisations, New York, USA: Oxford University Press, 1990.
M. C. Sturman, R. A. Cheramie, L. H. Cashen. The impact of job complexity and performance measurement on the temporal consistency, stability, and test-retest reliability of employee job performance ratings. Journal of Applied Psychology, vol. 90, no. 2, pp. 269–283, 2005.
M. Richardson, G. Jones, M. Torrance. Identifying the task variables that influence perceived object assembly complexity. Ergonomics, vol. 47, no. 9, pp. 945–964, 2004.
Risk Management in Marine and Subsea Operations, DN-VRP-H101, Det Norske Veritas, Høik, Norway, 2003.
B. Edmonds. Syntactic Measures of Complexity, Ph.D. dissertation, 1999, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK, [Online], Available: http://cfpm.org/pub/users/bruce/thesis/all.pdf, March 29th, 2009.
N. Goodmans. The Structure of Appearance, Indianapolis, USA: Bobbs-Merrill, 1966.
Verification of Subsea Facilities, DNV-OSS-306, Det Norske Veritas, Høik, Norway, 2004.
S. Nakajima. TPM-challenge to the improvement of productivity by small group activities. Maintenance Management International, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 73–83, 1986.
S. S. Panesar, T. Markeset. Development of a framework for industrial service innovation management and coordination. Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 177–193, 2008.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Efosa Emmanuel Uyiomendo graduated with the B.Eng. degree from University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria in 1991, the MBA from Warwick Business School, UK in 2006, and the M. Sc. degree in offshore technology (operations and maintenance) from University of Stavanger, Norway in 2009. Following National Service, he joined Shell Nigeria in 1993 as production supervisor with responsibilities for operations and maintenance of oil and gas assets.
His career has taken him through support services, health, safety and environment (HSE) and planning. His research interests include operations and maintenance, performance management, industrial services, strategy and risk management.
Tore Markeset received the B. Sc. degree in petroleum engineering from the University of Stavanger, and the B. Sc. and M. Sc. degrees in mechanical engineering from the University of Minnesota, USA. After working in the industry for a number of years within process, mechanical and reservoir engineering, he received the Ph.D. degree in offshore engineering (operations and maintenance) from the University of Stavanger. Currently, he is a professor of mechanical engineering (operations and maintenance) at the University of Stavanger and adjunct professor at University of Tromsø, both in Norway.
His research interests include industrial services (product support, innovation, strategy development, sourcing strategies, contractual relationship performance) and industrial asset management (operations, maintenance and support management, design for performance, and production performance management).
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Uyiomendo, E.E., Markeset, T. Subsea maintenance service delivery: Mapping factors influencing scheduled service duration. Int. J. Autom. Comput. 7, 167–172 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11633-010-0167-7
Received:
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11633-010-0167-7