Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

An adaptive and opportunistic broadcast protocol for vehicular ad hoc networks

  • Regular Papers
  • Published:
International Journal of Automation and Computing Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A primary goal of broadcasting in vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is to improve the road safety by transmitting alert messages to all surrounding vehicles as soon as possible. In this paper, we adopt the concept of opportunistic routing and propose a multiple candidate relays opportunistic broadcast (MCROB) protocol for VANET. The MCROB protocol is a sender-driven broadcast scheme independent of node density. The packet delivery ratio (PDR) is derived and an expected transmission speed (ETS) for the MCROB is proposed. A priority rule for selecting a proper candidate relay and an adaptive algorithm for forwarding timers of candidate relays are also presented in this paper. Simulations show that MCROB is adaptive to the rapid changing of network conditions. It keeps a low communication overhead introduced by the broadcast and increases the average transmission speed by around 40%.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. S. Y. Ni, Y. C. Tseng, Y. S. Chen, J. P. Sheu. The broadcast storm problem in a mobile ad hoc network. In Proceedings of the 5th Annual ACM/IEEE International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, ACM, New York, USA, pp. 151–162, 1999.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  2. L. Cheng, B. E. Henty, D. D. Stancil, F. Bai, P. Mudalige. Mobile vehicle-to-vehicle narrow-band channel measurement and characterization of the 5.9GHz dedicated short range communication (DSRC) frequency band. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 25, no. 8, pp. 1501–1516, 2007.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. V. Taliwal, D. Jiang, H. Mangold, C. Chen, R. Sengupta. Empirical determination of channel characteristics for DSRC vehicle-to-vehicle communication. In Proceedings of the 1st ACM International Workshop on Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks, ACM, New York, USA, pp. 88–88, 2004.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  4. M. Torrent-Moreno, D. Jiang, H. Hartenstein. Broadcast reception rates and effects of priority access in 802.11-based vehicular ad-hoc networks. In Proceedings of the 1st ACM International Workshop on Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks, ACM, New York, USA, pp. 10–18, 2004.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  5. A. Qayyum, L. Viennot, A. Laouiti. Multipoint relaying for flooding broadcast messages in mobile wireless networks. In Proceedings of the 35th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, IEEE, Big Island, Hawaii, USA, pp. 3866–3875, 2002.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  6. D. H. Lee, S. N. Bai, D. Y. Kwak, J. I. Jung. Enhanced selective forwarding scheme for alert message propagation in vehicular ad hoc networks. International Journal of Automotive Technology, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 251–264, 2011.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. S. Biswas, R. Morris. ExOR: Opportunistic multi-hop routing for wireless networks. In Proceedings of the 2005 Conference on Applications, Technologies, Architectures, and Protocols for Computer Communications, ACM, New York, USA, pp. 133–144, 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  8. G. Korkmaz, E. Ekici, F. Özgüner, Ü. Özgüner. Urban multi-hop broadcast protocol for inter-vehicle communication systems. In Proceedings of the 1st ACM International Workshop on Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks, ACM, New York, USA, pp. 76–85, 2004.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  9. Y. G. Bi, H. Zhao, X. M. Shen. A directional broadcast protocol for emergency message exchange in intervehicle communications. In Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE International Conference on Communications, IEEE, Dresden, Germany, pp. 1–5, 2009.

    Google Scholar 

  10. M. Li, K. Zeng, W. J. Lou. Opportunistic broadcast of event-driven warning messages in vehicular ad hoc networks with lossy links. Computer Networks, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 2443–2464, 2011.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. N. Wisitpongphan, O. K. Tonguz, J. S. Parikh, P. Mudalige, F. Bai, V. Sadekar. Broadcast storm mitigation techniques in vehicular ad hoc networks. IEEE Wireless Communications, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 84–94, 2007.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Y. T. Tseng, R. H. Jan, C. Chen, C. G. Wang, H. H. Li. A vehicle-density-based forwarding scheme for emergency message broadcasts in VANETs. In Proceedings of the 7th IEEE International Conference on Mobile Adhoc and Sensor Systems, IEEE, San Francisco, CA, USA, pp. 703–708, 2010.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  13. K. Zeng, Z. Y. Yang, W. J. Low. Location-aided opportunistic forwarding in multirate and multihop wireless networks. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 58, no. 6, pp. 3032–3040, 2009.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. K. Zeng, Z. Y. Yang, W. J. Low. Opportunistic routing in multi-radio multi-channel multi-hop wireless networks. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 9, no. 11, pp. 3512–3521, 2010.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. S. B. Yang, C. K. Yeo, B. S. Lee. Toward reliable data delivery for highly dynamic mobile ad hoc networks. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, vol. 11 no. 1, pp. 111–124, 2012.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. D. Senthilkumar, A. Krishnan. Throughput analysis of IEEE 802.11 multirate WLANs with collision aware rate adaptation algorithm. International Journal of Automation and Computing, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 571–577, 2010.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. P. Kumar, A. Krishnan. Throughput analysis of the IEEE 802.11 distributed coordination function considering erroneous channel and capture effects. International Journal of Automation and Computing, vol.8, no. 2, pp. 236–243, 2011.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. X. W. Yao, W. L. Wang, S. H. Yang, S. Y. Chen. PABM-EDCF: Parameter adaptive bi-directional mapping mechanism for video transmission over WSNs. Multimedia Tools and Applications, 2011. (Online first).

  19. M. Khabazian, S. Aissa, M. Mehmet-Ali. Performance modeling of message dissemination in vehicular ad hoc networks with priority. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 61–71, 2011.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. F. Bai, D. D. Stancil, H. Krishnan. Toward understanding characteristics of dedicated short range communications (DSRC) from a perspective of vehicular network engineers. In Proceedings of the 16th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, ACM, New York, USA, pp. 329–340, 2010.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Computing TCP’s Retransmission Timer, [Online], Available: http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2988, December 1, 2011.

  22. H. Arbabi, M. C. Weigle. Highway mobility and vehicular ad-hoc networks in ns-3. In Proceedings of the 2010 Winter Simulation Conference, IEEE, Baltimore, MD, pp. 2991–3003, 2010.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  23. F. Bai, B. Krishnamachari. Spatio-temporal variations of vehicle traffic in VANETs: facts and implications. In Proceedings of the 6th ACM International Workshop on Vehicular InterNETworking, ACM, NewYork, USA, pp. 43–52, 2009.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  24. The Network Simulator NS-3, [Online], Available: http://www.nsnam.org, December 1, 2011.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China

    Gui-Sen Li, Wan-Liang Wang & Xin-Wei Yao

Authors
  1. Gui-Sen Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Wan-Liang Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Xin-Wei Yao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Wan-Liang Wang.

Additional information

This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61070043).

Gui-Sen Li received the B. Sc. degree in information and computing science and the M. Sc. degree in computer applied technology from Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China in 2003 and 2006, respectively. Now he is a Ph. D. candidate in control theory and control engineering in Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.

His research interests include data dissemination in vehicular ad hoc networks and mobile ad hoc networks.

Wan-Liang Wang received the Ph.D. degree from Tongji University, Shanghai, China in 2001. Now, he is a full professor of Zhejiang University of Technology as well as the head of College of Computer Science and Technology, a member of the Chinese Association for Artificial Intelligence. He obtained the Governmental Special Allowance of the State Council. He has published more than 200 papers in international and national journals and conference proceedings.

His research interests include network control and management, control theory and intelligent automation, and artificial intelligence and applications.

Xin-Wei Yao received the B. Sc. degree in mechanical engineering from Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China in 2008. He is currently a Ph.D. candidate in control theory and engineering at Zhejiang University of Technology.

His research interests include multimedia modeling, streaming video, mobile multimedia, and wireless ad hoc networks.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Li, GS., Wang, WL. & Yao, XW. An adaptive and opportunistic broadcast protocol for vehicular ad hoc networks. Int. J. Autom. Comput. 9, 378–387 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11633-012-0658-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11633-012-0658-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation