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IP-geolocater: a more reliable IP geolocation algorithm based on router error training

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Abstract

Location based services (LBS) are widely utilized, and determining the location of users’ IP is the foundation for LBS. Constrained by unstable delay and insufficient landmarks, the existing geolocation algorithms have problems such as low geolocation accuracy and uncertain geolocation error, difficult to meet the requirements of LBS for accuracy and reliability. A new IP geolocation algorithm based on router error training is proposed in this manuscript to improve the accuracy of geolocation results and obtain the current geolocation error range. Firstly, bootstrapping is utilized to divide the landmark data into training set and verification set, and /24 subnet distribution is utilized to extend the training set. Secondly, the path detection is performed on nodes in the three data sets respectively to extract the metropolitan area network (MAN) of the target city, and the geolocation result and error of each router in MAN are obtained by training the detection results. Finally, the MAN is utilized to get the target’s location. Based on China’s 24,254 IP geolocation experiments, the proposed algorithm has higher geolocation accuracy and lower median error than existing typical geolocation algorithms LBG, SLG, NNG and RNBG, and in most cases the difference is less than 10km between estimated error and actual error.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. U1804263, U1636219), the Science and Technology Innovation Talent Project of Henan Province (184200510018) and Zhongyuan Science and Technology Innovation Leading Talent Project (214200510019).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing, Zhengzhou, 450001, China

    Shuodi Zu, Xiangyang Luo & Fan Zhang

  2. Zhengzhou Science and Technology Institute, Zhengzhou, 450001, China

    Shuodi Zu, Xiangyang Luo & Fan Zhang

Authors
  1. Shuodi Zu
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  2. Xiangyang Luo
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  3. Fan Zhang
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Xiangyang Luo.

Additional information

Shuodi Zu received his BS and MS from the State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing, China in 2016. He has been with the State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing since July 2012. His research interest includes network security and network geolocation. He received the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Basic and Frontier Technology Research Program of Henan Province.

Xiangyang Luo received his BS, MS and PhD from the State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing, China in 2001, 2004, and 2010, respectively. He has been with the State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing, China since July 2004. From 2011, he is a postdoctoral of Institute of China Electronic System Equipment Engineering Co., Ltd, China. He is the author or co-author of more than 100 refereed international journal and conference papers. His research interest includes network topology, network security and network geolocation. He obtained the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key R&D Program of China and the Basic and Frontier Technology Research Program of Henan Province.

Fan Zhang received the BS degree from the Xiangtan University, China in 2017 and the MS degree from the State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing, China in 2020. His research interests include network topology analysis and IP geolocation. He received the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Basic and Frontier Technology Research Program of Henan Province.

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Zu, S., Luo, X. & Zhang, F. IP-geolocater: a more reliable IP geolocation algorithm based on router error training. Front. Comput. Sci. 16, 161504 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11704-021-0427-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11704-021-0427-4

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