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Study on VMD decomposition and denoising of spectral signals based on improved CPO algorithm

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Abstract

In order to avoid that the spectrometer is interfered by matrix elements, stray light and dark current in the spectral signal acquisition, which generates noise and affects the signal accuracy, a spectral denoising method based on the improved crested porcupine optimizer (ICPO) optimized variational mode decomposition (VMD) is proposed in this study. The method first uses ICPO to determine the optimal decomposition parameters of the VMD, then brings the optimal parameters into the VMD decomposition and extracts high-quality modal components for reconstruction through sample entropy to obtain the denoised spectral signal. The experimental results show that the method can effectively remove the noise in the spectral data, and the noise reduction performance is better than the other methods, providing a reliable basis for analyzing spectral signals. Meanwhile, to explore the good effect of improving the ICPO algorithm, other optimization algorithms are introduced for comparative analysis, and the results show that the optimization effect of the ICPO algorithm in the CEC2022 test set is better than that of other comparison algorithms.

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The code used in the study is available from the corresponding author.

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Funding

The Forestry Bureau of Xianfeng County, Enshi, China, supported this research project (Grant numbers: XF2024070301DN).

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Author notes

  1. Q. Zheng and D. Qiu have equally contributed to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, 445000, Hubei, People’s Republic of China

    Qinggao Zheng, Da Qiu, Junyi Chen, Jianqiang Zhang, Hang Gao, Yang Long, Song Liu, Tingting Zhang & Shiqiang Chen

  2. Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing of Super-light Elastomer Materials of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Enshi, 445000, Hubei, People’s Republic of China

    Qinggao Zheng, Da Qiu, Junyi Chen, Jianqiang Zhang, Hang Gao, Yang Long, Song Liu, Tingting Zhang & Shiqiang Chen

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  1. Qinggao Zheng
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Contributions

All authors were involved in the conceptualization and design of the study. DQ and JC prepared the materials, collected the data, and analyzed the data. QZ wrote the manuscript, which all authors reviewed.

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Correspondence to Junyi Chen.

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Zheng, Q., Qiu, D., Chen, J. et al. Study on VMD decomposition and denoising of spectral signals based on improved CPO algorithm. SIViP 19, 341 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11760-025-03892-4

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