Abstract
Software Defined Network (SDN) is a new emerging technology that has attracted enormous interest over the last few years as a result of existing networking designs’ constraints. It allows a centralized programmable controller to interface with forwarding devices and is utilized in a variety of communication networking scenarios, including Service Provider networks, Campus networks, Hospitality networks, Video communication, etc. One of the promising applications is multimedia services to provide strict delay guarantees for the transferred flows. The video traffic demands a guaranteed Quality of Service (QoS) to provide a smooth consumer experience. Several QoS models have been proposed in the literature and individual studies are presented to measure the QoS metric. An overview of interesting research on QoS models for video streaming over SDN, issues in video streaming models, existing QoS models, QoS metrics used for emulation, and limitations of QoS models are presented in this paper.
Similar content being viewed by others
Availability of supporting data
Data sharing not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study.
References
Foukas X, Patounas G, Elmokashfi A et al (2017) Network slicing in 5g: Survey and challenges. IEEE Commun Mag 55(5):94–100
Popovski P, Trillingsgaard KF, Simeone O et al (2018) 5g wireless network slicing for embb, urllc, and mmtc: A communication-theoretic view. IEEE Access 6:55765–55779
Kobbaey T, Hamzaoui R, Ahmad S et al (2021) Enhanced collision resolution and throughput analysis for the 802.11 distributed coordination function. Int J Commun Syst 34(16):e4953
Nunes BAA, Mendonca M, Nguyen XN et al (2014) A survey of software-defined networking: Past, present, and future of programmable networks. IEEE Communications surveys & tutorials 16(3):1617–1634
Karakus M, Durresi A (2017) Quality of service (qos) in software defined networking (sdn): A survey. J Netw Comput Appl 80:200–218
Behringer M, Pritikin M (2005) Internet engineering task force. https://ietf.org/topics/netmgmt/
Rosen E, Viswanathan A (2001) Multiprotocol label switching. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiprotocol_Label_Switching
Kreutz D, Ramos FM (2014) Software-defined networking: A comprehensive survey. Proc IEEE 103(1):14–76. https://doi.org/10.1109/JPROC.2014.2371999
SDNArchitecture ONF (June,2014) https://www.opennetworking.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/TR_SDN_ARCH_1.0_06062014.pdf
Lütkebohle I (2013) openflow. https://www.sdxcentral.com/networking/sdn/definitions/what-is-openflow/
Izard R (2016) Floodlight sdn controller. https://floodlight.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/floodlightcontroller/overview
RYU Project Team (2011) Ryu sdn controller. https://ryu.readthedocs.io/en/latest/getting_started.html
RYU Project Team (5 February, 2014) Opendaylight sdn controller. https://www.opendaylight.org/what-we-do/odl-platform-overview
Apache 2 0 license (December 5, 2014) Onos sdn controller. https://www.opennetworking.org/onos/
OpenFlow SwitchSpecification VWPx (December 31,2009) https://www.opennetworking.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/openflow-spec-v1.0.0.pdf
OpenFlow VWPx (February 28,2011) https://www.opennetworking.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/openflow-spec-v1.1.0.pdf
OpenFlow VWPx (December 5, 2011) https://www.opennetworking.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/openflow-spec-v1.2.pdf
OpenFlow SwitchSpecification VWPx (June 25, 2012) https://www.opennetworking.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/openflow-spec-v1.3.0.pdf
Guru, Parulkar (2011) opennetworking. https://www.opennetworking.org/sdn-definition/
OpenFlow SwitchSpecification VWPx (2013) https://www.opennetworking.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/openflow-spec-v1.4.0.pdf
OpenFlow SwitchSpecification VWPx (December 19, 2014) https://www.opennetworking.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/openflow-spec-v1.5.0.pdf
Ford YB (2000) Integrated services. https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2998
Black DP (2015) Differentiated services. https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7657
Mirchev A (2015) Survey of concepts for qos improvements via sdn. Future internet (FI) and innovative internet technologies and mobile communications (IITM) 33(1)
S.Floyd M (2008) Besteffort. https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5290
(2005) Videostreaming. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streaming_media
(2000) Videostreaming protocols. https://www.vocal.com/video/video-streaming-protocols-rtp-rtcp-and-rtsp/
(2022) Real-time messaging protocol. https://www.wowza.com/blog/rtmp-streaming-real-time-messaging-protocol
(2022) Real-time streaming protocol. https://antmedia.io/rtsp-explained-what-is-rtsp-how-it-works/
(2022) Real-time transport protocol. https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3550
(2022) Http adaptive streaming. https://www.dacast.com/blog/hls-streaming-protocol
(2017) Apple http live streaming(hls). https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc8216
(2009) Low-latency hls. https://cloudinary.com/guides/live-streaming-video/low-latency-hls-ll-hls-cmaf-and-webrtc-which-is-best
(2012) Low-latency hls. https://mpeg.chiariglione.org/standards/mpeg-dash
Yu TF, Wang K, Hsu YH (2015) Adaptive routing for video streaming with qos support over sdn networks. In: 2015 International Conference on Information Networking (ICOIN), IEEE, pp 318–323. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOIN.2015.7057904
Karakus M, Durresi A (2015) A scalable inter-as qos routing architecture in software defined network (sdn). In: 2015 IEEE 29th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications, IEEE, pp 148–154. https://doi.org/10.1109/AINA.2015.179
Afaq M, Rehman SU, Song WC (2015) A framework for classification and visualization of elephant flows in sdn-based networks. Procedia Computer Science 65:672–681. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2015.09.011
Isolani PH, Wickboldt JA, Both CB et al (2015) Interactive monitoring, visualization, and configuration of openflow-based sdn. In: 2015 IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM), IEEE, pp 207–215. https://doi.org/10.1109/INM.2015.7140294
Jeong S, Lee D, Choi J et al (2016) Application-aware traffic management for openflow networks. In: 2016 18th Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium (APNOMS), IEEE, pp 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1109/APNOMS.2016.7737212
Wang JM, Wang Y, Dai X et al (2015) Sdn-based multi-class qos guarantee in inter-data center communications. IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing 7(1):116–128. https://doi.org/10.1109/JPROC.2014.2371999
Ahmad A, Floris A, Atzori L (2018) Timber: An sdn based emulation platform for qoe management experimental research. In: 2018 Tenth International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX), IEEE, pp 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/QoMEX.2018.8463387
Fawcett L, Mu M, Hareng B et al (2017) Ref: enabling rapid experimentation of contextual network traffic management using software defined networking. IEEE Commun Mag 55(7):144–150. https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.2017.1600507
Yang H, Wang X, Nguyen CT et al (2018) Optimizing user experience through implicit content-aware network service in the home environment. In: Proceedings of the 2018 ACM Conference on Supporting Groupwork, pp 51–60. https://doi.org/10.1145/3148330.3148339
Karl M, Gruen J, Herfet T (2013) Multimedia optimized routing in openflow networks. In: 2013 19th IEEE International Conference on Networks (ICON), IEEE, pp 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICON.2013.6781969
Gangwal A, Gupta M, Gaur MS et al (2016) Elba: Efficient layer based routing algorithm in sdn. In: 2016 25th International Conference on Computer Communication and Networks (ICCCN), IEEE, pp 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCCN.2016.7568515
Egilmez HE, Dane ST, Bagci KT et al (2012) Openqos: An openflow controller design for multimedia delivery with end-to-end quality of service over software-defined networks. In: Proceedings of the 2012 Asia Pacific signal and information processing association annual summit and conference, IEEE, pp 1–8
Egilmez HE, Gorkemli B, Tekalp AM et al (2011) Scalable video streaming over openflow networks: An optimization framework for qos routing. In: 2011 18th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, IEEE, pp 2241–2244. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIP.2011.6116083
Yilmaz S, Tekalp AM, Unluturk BD (2015) Video streaming over software defined networks with server load balancing. In: 2015 International Conference on Computing, Networking and Communications (ICNC), IEEE, pp 722–726. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCNC.2015.7069435
Juttner A, Szviatovski B, Mécs I et al (2001) Lagrange relaxation based method for the qos routing problem. In: Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM 2001. Conference on Computer Communications. Twentieth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Society (Cat. No. 01CH37213), IEEE, pp 859–868. https://doi.org/10.1109/INFCOM.2001.916277
Owens H, Durresi A, Jain R (2014) Reliable video over software-defined networking (rvsdn). In: 2014 IEEE Global Communications Conference, IEEE, pp 1974–1979. https://doi.org/10.1109/GLOCOM.2014.7037097
Guck JW, Kellerer W (2014) Achieving end-to-end real-time quality of service with software defined networking. In: 2014 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Cloud Networking (CloudNet), IEEE, pp 70–76. https://doi.org/10.1109/CloudNet.2014.6968971
Tomovic S, Prasad N, Radusinovic I (2014) Sdn control framework for qos provisioning. In: 2014 22nd Telecommunications Forum Telfor (TELFOR), IEEE, pp 111–114. https://doi.org/10.1109/TELFOR.2014.7034369
Kumar R, Hasan M, Padhy S et al (2017) End-to-end network delay guarantees for real-time systems using sdn. In: 2017 IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS), IEEE, pp 231–242. https://doi.org/10.1109/RTSS.2017.00029
Yan J, Zhang H, Shuai Q et al (2015) Hiqos: An sdn-based multipath qos solution. China Communications 12(5):123–133. https://doi.org/10.1109/CC.2015.7112035
Thi TM, Huynh T, Hwang WJ (2015) Qos-enabled streaming of multiple description coded video over openflow-based networks. Nonlinear Theory and Its Applications, IEICE 6(2):144–159. https://doi.org/10.1587/nolta.6.144
Yu YS, Ke CH (2018) Genetic algorithm-based routing method for enhanced video delivery over software defined networks. Int J Commun Syst 31(1). https://doi.org/10.1002/dac.3391
Dobrijevic O, Santl M, Matijasevic M (2015) Ant colony optimization for qoe-centric flow routing in software-defined networks. In: 2015 11th International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM), IEEE, pp 274–278. https://doi.org/10.1109/CNSM.2015.7367371
Lin C, Wang K, Deng G (2017) A qos-aware routing in sdn hybrid networks. Procedia Computer Science 110:242–249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2017.06.091
Al-Harbi A, Bahnasse A, Louhab FE et al (2021) Towards an efficient resource allocation based on software-defined networking approach. Comput Electr Eng 92(107):066. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compeleceng.2021.107066
Henni DE, Ghomari A, Hadjadj-Aoul Y (2020) A consistent qos routing strategy for video streaming services in sdn networks. Int J Commun Syst 33(10). https://doi.org/10.1002/dac.4177
Begovic M, Causevic S, Memic B et al (2020) Ai-aided traffic differentiated qos routing and dynamic offloading in distributed fragmentation optimized sdn-iot. Int J Eng Res Technol 13(8):1880–1895. https://doi.org/10.37624/IJERT/13.8.2020.1880-1895
Owens H II, Durresi A (2015) Video over software-defined networking (vsdn). Comput Netw 92:341–356. https://doi.org/10.1109/NBiS.2013.10
Liu G, Ramakrishnan K (2001) A* prune: an algorithm for finding k shortest paths subject to multiple constraints. In: Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM 2001. Conference on Computer Communications. Twentieth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Society (Cat. No. 01CH37213), IEEE, pp 743–749. https://doi.org/10.1109/INFCOM.2001.916263
(1995) Token bucket algorithm for network. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Token_bucket
Jararweh Y, Al-Ayyoub M, Benkhelifa E et al (2015) Sdiot: a software defined based internet of things framework. J Ambient Intell Humaniz Comput 6(4):453–461. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12652-015-0290-y
Begen AC, Altunbasak Y, Ergun O et al (2005) Multi-path selection for multiple description video streaming over overlay networks. Signal Processing: Image Communication 20(1):39–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.image.2004.09.002
Sidhu D, Nair R, Abdallah S (1991) Finding disjoint paths in networks. In: Proceedings of the conference on Communications architecture & protocols, pp 43–51. https://doi.org/10.1145/115994.115998
Liu X, Wang Y, Liu Y (2020) Qfr: A qoe-driven fine-grained routing scheme for virtual reality video streaming over sdn. In: 2020 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), IEEE, pp 1–6
Zou F, Wang Y, Liu Y (2021) A multipath routing approach for tile-based virtual reality video streaming based on sdn. In: 2021 IEEE 45th Annual Computers, Software, and Applications Conference (COMPSAC), IEEE, pp 560–565
Thinh PH, Dat NT, Nam PN et al (2020) An efficient qoe-aware http adaptive streaming over software defined networking. Mobile Networks and Applications 25(5):2024–2036
Kalan RS, Sayit M (2021) Sdn assisted codec, path and quality selection for http adaptive streaming. IEEE Access 9:129917–129932
Parameshachari B, Gurumoorthy S, Frnda J et al (2022) Cognitive linear discriminant regression computing technique for http video services in sdn networks. Soft Comput 26(2):621–633
Majdabadi RH, Wang M, Rakai L (2022) Soda-stream: Sdn optimization for enhancing qoe in dash streaming. In: NOMS 2022-2022 IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium, IEEE, pp 1–5
Liu Y, Liu J, Argyriou A et al (2018) 3dqoe-oriented and energy-efficient 2d plus depth based 3d video streaming over centrally controlled networks. IEEE Trans Multimedia 20(9):2439–2453
Zhou P, Xie Y, Niu B et al (2020) Qoe-aware 3d video streaming via deep reinforcement learning in software defined networking enabled mobile edge computing. IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering 8(1):419–433
Taha M, Canovas A, Lloret J et al (2021) A qoe adaptive management system for high definition video streaming over wireless networks. Telecommun Syst 77:63–81
Skorin-Kapov L, Varela M, Hoßfeld T et al (2018) A survey of emerging concepts and challenges for qoe management of multimedia services. ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications (TOMM) 14(2s):1–29
Taha M, Ali A, Lloret J et al (2021) An automated model for the assessment of qoe of adaptive video streaming over wireless networks. Multimed Tools Appl 80(17):26833–26854
Multiple-Description Coding(MDC) AV (2005) Network working group, july 2005. https://www.opennetworking.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/TR_SDN_ARCH_1.0_06062014.pdf
(1990) Content delivery network. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Content_delivery_network
Acknowledgements
The authors thank the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments, which helped us to considerably improve the content, quality, and presentation of this paper.
Funding
This research received no external funding.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
Each author who participated in the literature review and work revision made a contribution.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Human and animal ethics
The review does not include any ethically approved human or animal experiments.
Consent for publication
The authors have given the journal their informed consent to publish their review article.
Competing interests
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Paramasivam, S., Leela Velusamy, R. Quality of service aware routing in software defined video streaming: a survey. Peer-to-Peer Netw. Appl. 16, 1739–1760 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12083-023-01484-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12083-023-01484-y