Skip to main content
Log in

On the performance and improvement of alias resolution methods for Internet core networks

  • Published:
annals of telecommunications - annales des télécommunications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The Internet is a huge interconnection of thousands of networks with different technologies, equipment, configurations, and administrative owners. This, added to the lack of public information about those individual infrastructures, makes it a difficult task to provide a so-called Internet map: a topological map with information of routers, interconnections between routers, and IP addressing configuration. Traditional topology discovery methods based on traceroutes only provide IP addresses in the path between end-nodes. Some of those IP addresses can belong to the same router, and this identification is made by alias resolution methods. Therefore, alias resolution allows to provide router-level map of the Internet with important applications in network simulation, protocol design, network management, network security, network service design, and geolocation. In this paper, alias resolution methods are analyzed in Internet core networks (GlobalNOC, Canet4, and Geant). This allows to identify peculiar behaviors in these core networks, improving alias resolution methods. Simultaneously, reduction methods are used to decrease the number of probing packets in alias resolution methods.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. McRobb D, Claffy K, Monk T (1999) Skitter: CAIDA’s macroscopic Internet topology discovery and tracking tool. http://www.caida.org/tools/measurement/skitter/. Accessed July 2010

  2. Zhao Z, Shu Y, Zhang L, Oliver W, Yang W (2005) Flow-Level mMultipath load balancing in MPLS network

  3. Rexford J, Wang J, Xiao Z, Zhang Y (2006) Bgp routing stability of popular destinations. In: Proceedings of the 2nd ACM SIGCOMM workshop on internet measurment, pp 197–202

  4. Madhyastha HV, Anderson T, Krishnamurthy A, Spring N, Venkataramani A (2006) A structural approach to latency prediction. In: Proc. USENIX internet measurement conference

  5. Augustin B, Cuvellier X, Orgogozo B, Viget F, Latapy M, Friedman T, Magnien C, Teixeira R (2006) Avoiding traceroute anomalies with paris traceroute. In: 6th ACM SIGCOMM, pp 153–158

  6. Govindan R, Tangmunarunkit H (2000) Heuristics for internet map discovery. In: Proc. IEEE INFOCOM

  7. Spring N, Mahajan R, Wetherall D (2000) Measuring ISP topologies with Rocketfuel. In: Proc. ACM SIGCOMM

  8. Calvert K, Doar M, Zegura EW (1997) Modeling internet topology. IEEE Commun Mag 35:160–163

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Medina A, Matta I, Byers J (2000) On the origin of power-laws in internet topologies. ACM Computer Communication 30:18–28 Review

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Radoslavov P (2001) The relationship between topology and protocol performance: case studies. Technical report, University of Southern California, Computer Science Department

  11. Shi TJ, Mohan G (2006) An efficient traffic engineering approach based on flow distribution and splitting in MPLS networks. Comput Commun 29(9):1284–1291

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Mirrezaei SI, Shahparian J, Ghodsi M (2009) A topology-aware load balancing algorithm for p2p systems. In: Digital Information Management ICDIM 2009. pp 1–6

  13. castro M, Druchel P, Hu YC, Rowstron A (2002) Topology-aware routing in structured peer-to-peer overlay networks. Tech Rep

  14. Garces-Erice L, Ross KW, Biersack EW, Felber PA, Urvoy-Keller G (2003) Topology-centric look-up service. In: Proc. COST264/ACM fifth international wORKSHOP on networked group communications

  15. Radoslavov P, Govindan R, Estrin D (2001) Topology-informed internet replica placement. Sixth International Workshop on Web Caching and Content Distribution, pp 229–238

  16. Siamwalla R, Sharma R, Keshav S (1998) Discovering internet topology. Tech Rep

  17. Burch H, Cheswick B (2000) Tracing anonimous packets to theis approximate source. USENIX conference on System administration

  18. Katz-Bassett E, John JP, Krishnamurthy A, Wetherall D, Anderson T, Chawathe Y (2006) Towards IP geolocation using delay and topology measurements. In: Proc. USENIX internet measurement conference

  19. Pansiot J-J, Grad D (1998) On routes and multicast trees in the internet. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review

  20. Burch H (2005) Measuring an IP network in situ. PhD thesis, Carnegie Mellon University. ISBN 0-542-01549-8

  21. Huffaker B, Plummer D, Moore D, Claffy KC (2002) Topology discovery by active probing. In: Proc. the symposium on applications and the internet (SAINT)

  22. Postel J (1981) Rfc 791—internet protocol

  23. Garcia-Jimenez S, Magaña E, Morato D, Izal M (2009) Techniques for better alias resolution in internet topology discovery. In: Published in 11th IFIP/IEEE international symposium on integrated network managemen miniconference. New York, USA

  24. Gunes M, Sarac K (2006) Analitycal IP alias resolution. ICC ’06. IEEE International Conference

  25. Gunes M, Sarac K (2006) Resolving IP aliases in building traceroute-based internet maps. Technical report, University of Texas at Dallas

  26. Spring N, Dontcheva M, Rodrig M, Wetherall D (2004) How to resolve ip aliases. Tech. Report 04-05-04, Washington Univ. Computer Science

  27. Garcia-Jimenez S, Magaña E, Morato D, Izal M (2009) Improving efficiency of ip alias resolution based on offets between ip addresses. In: Published in 21st international teletraffic congress (ITC 21). Paris, France

  28. Garcia-Jimenez S, Magaña E, Izal M, Morato D (2009) Ip addresses distribution in internet and its application on reduction methods for ip alias resolution. In: Published in the 4th IEEE LCN workshop on network measurements (WNM 2009). Zurich, Switzerland

  29. Morato D, Magaña E, Izal M, Aracil J, Naranjo F, Astiz F, Alonso U, Csabai I, Haga P, Somin G, Seger J, Vattay G (2005) The European traffic observatory infraestruCture (ETOMIC): a testbed for universal active and passive measurements. In: Proc. TRIDENTCOM 2005, pp 283–289

  30. Plantelab (2010) An open platform for developing, deploying, and accessing planetary-scale services. http://www.planet-lab.org. Accessed July 2010

  31. Globalnoc (2010) Official site. http://globalnoc.iu.edu/. Accessed July 2010

  32. Globalnoc (2010) Looking glass tool. http://routerproxy.grnoc.iu.edu/. Accessed July 2010

  33. Canarie (2010) Official site. http://www.canarie.ca/en/home. Accessed July 2010

  34. Canet4 (2010) Looking glass web tool. http://dooka.canet4.net/lg/lg.php. Accessed July 2010

  35. Geant (2010) Official site. http://www.geant.net/pages/home.aspx. Accessed July 2010

  36. Garcia-Jimenez S et al (2010) Tools and data sets used in this paper. http://www.tlm.unavarra.es/~santi/research/paper6.html. Accessed July 2010

  37. Abley L (2006) Rfc 4786—operation of anycast services

  38. Laird NM, Rubin DB, Dempster AP (1977) Maximum likelihood from incomplete data via the em algorithm. J R Stat Soc, Ser B 39(1):1–38

    MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Santiago Garcia-Jimenez.

Additional information

The authors thank the partial support of the EU ICT MOMENT Collaborative Project (Grant Agreement No.215225) and Spanish MEC project STRRONG (TEC2007-62192/TCM).

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Garcia-Jimenez, S., Magaña, E., Morató, D. et al. On the performance and improvement of alias resolution methods for Internet core networks. Ann. Telecommun. 66, 31–43 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12243-010-0197-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12243-010-0197-8

Keywords

Navigation