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Antenna design and channel modeling in the BAN context—part I: antennas

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Abstract

The first results achieved in the French ANR (National Research Agency) project BANET (Body Area NEtwork and Technologies) are presented (Part I). This project mainly deals with the antenna design in the context of Body Area Networks applications and channel characterization. General conclusions are drawn on the body impact on the antenna performance for on–on and in–on communications (Medical Implant Communication Systems). Narrow-band and ultra-wideband contexts are addressed both numerically and experimentally, and it is shown that design questions are significantly different for each case, leading to different constraints and guidelines. For narrow-band antennas, an alternative and original approach of desensitization using ferrite sheets is proposed and compared to classical techniques based on ground-plane screening. The characterization of numerical phantoms is also analyzed with narrow-band canonical antennas. For the specific on–on scenario, morphologies and electrical properties of the human tissues are also included in the topics of interest. For ultra-wideband antennas, focus is put on planar balanced designs, notably to reduce harmful “cable effects” occurring during the antenna characterization or the channel sounding. For both types of antennas, the main parameter under study is the distance to the body, which has a significant influence.

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Notes

  1. \( \eta = \left( {1 - {{\left| {{S_{{11}}}} \right|}^2}} \right){\eta_{\rm{rad}}}, \) where ηrad is the radiation efficiency.

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Acknowledgments

Authors would like to thank Daniel Toledano and Lara Traver for their contribution to measurement campaigns at ENSTA-ParisTech, Serge Bories for his initial contribution and Laurent Ouvry—from CEA-Leti—for his wise scientific advice, and Amir Yousuf, Franscesco Guidi, Enrique De Mur, and Nizar Malkiya for their help at ENSTA-ParisTech.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ENSTA Paris-Tech, 32, Bd. Victor, 75739, Paris cedex 15, France

    Christophe Roblin

  2. ESYCOM, Université Paris-Est Marne-La-Vallée, 5 Bd Descartes, Champs-sur-Marne, 77454, Marne La Vallée, France

    Jean-Marc Laheurte & Thierry Alvès

  3. CEA-Leti, 17, Avenue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble cedex 9, France

    Raffaele D’Errico

  4. Orange Lab, 38-48, rue du Général Leclerc, 92794, Issy les Moulineaux, France

    Azeddine Gati & Hanae Terchoune

  5. UPMC, Université Paris 06, UR2, L2E, BC 252, 4 place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France

    David Lautru & Farid Bouttout

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  1. Christophe Roblin
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Correspondence to Christophe Roblin.

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Roblin, C., Laheurte, JM., D’Errico, R. et al. Antenna design and channel modeling in the BAN context—part I: antennas. Ann. Telecommun. 66, 139–155 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12243-010-0237-4

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