Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Experimental observation of immediate focus of underwater shock wave by using concave emitter induced by nano-pulsed laser

  • Regular Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Visualization Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Propagation of an underwater micro-shock wave induced by a single-pulsed laser was observed by the shadowgraph technique. To introduce the micro-shock wave into water, different types of shock wave emitters are designed using flat and concave glass coated with 100-nm-thick titanium metal. The experiment was carried out in low irradiation intensity range from 0 to 200 GW/m2, and the shock wave was produced by the thermo-elastic effect of the metal film. In this study, we proposed an immediate focusing technique using a concave surface. The focusing effect was confirmed by optical observation and pressure measurement. The velocity and Mach number of shock wave were calculated using a shadowgraph imaging technique. The result revealed that the laser-induced micro-shock wave propagated approximately at just under the sound of speed in water. From the pressure measurement, it was confirmed that the shock wave strength from the concave emitter was 1.5 times stronger than the flat one. The effective area of the focus was determined by the radius of curvature of the concave surface and the irradiation beam diameter.

Graphical Abstract

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ando T, Sato S, Takano S, Ashida H, Obara M (2009) Propagation characteristics of laser-induced stress wave in deep tissue for gene transfer. Appl Surf Sci 255:9898–9901

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blanchet GB, Fincher CR, Jackson CL, Shah SI, Gardner KH (1993) Laser ablation and the production of polymer films. Science 262:719–721

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boonsang S (2009) Photoacoustic generation mechanism and measurement system for biomedical applications. Int J Appl Biomed Eng 2:17–23

    Google Scholar 

  • Cross GB (2009) Investigation of a laser-induced breakdown spark as a near field guide star for aero optic measurements. Dissertation, University of Notre Dame, Indiana

  • Ding L (2009) Micro-processing of polymers and biological materials using high repetition rate femtosecond laser pulses. Dissertation, University of Rochester

  • Fujinami M, Hirahara H, Kawahashi M (2006) Velocity measurement of induced flow by laser shock peening. In: Proceedings of the 12th international symposium on flow visualization, (ISFV12-51.3)

  • Gaspard S, Forster M, Huber C, Zafiu C, Trettenhahn G, Kautek W, Castillejo M (2008) Femtosecond laser processing of biopolymers at high repetition rate. Phys Chem Chem Phys 10:6174–6181

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goto M, Kasahara A, Tosa M (2009) Molecular nanojet in water. Appl Phys Express 2:1–2

    Google Scholar 

  • Hirahara H, Fujinami M, Kawahashi M (2006) Velocity measurement of induced flow by laser focusing shock wave. J Therm Sci 15:48–53

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hirahara H, Fujinami M, Kawahashi M (2008) Optical measurement of laser induced micro shock wave on a metal surface. J Fluid Sci Technol 3:965–974

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hirugaya J, Hirahara H, Mine Y (2009) Underwater shock wave by thermo-elastic effect with laser irradiation. J Vis Soc of Jpn 29–1:323–324

    Google Scholar 

  • Ko SH, Ryu SG, Misra N, Pan H, Grigoropoulos CP, Kladias N, Panides E, Domoto GA (2007) Laser induced short plane acoustic wave focusing in water. Appl Phys Lett 91:051128

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ko SH, Ryu SG, Misra N, Pan H, Grigoropoulos CP, Kladias N, Panides E, Domoto GA (2008) Laser induced plane acoustic wave generation, propagation, and interaction with rigid structures in water. J Appl Phys 104:073104

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee H, Gojani AB, Han T, Yoh JJ (2011) Dynamics of laser-induced bubble collapse visualized by time-resolved optical shadowgraph. J Vis 14:331–337

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li L (2000) The advances and characteristics of high-power diode laser materials processing. Opt Lasers Eng 34:231–253

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mézel C, Souquet A, Hallo L, Guillemot F (2010) Bioprinting by laser-induced forward transfer for tissue engineering applications: jet formation modeling. Biofabrication 2:014103

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nakano H, Tsuyama M, Miyauti S, Shibayanagi T, Tsukamoto M, Abe N (2010) Femtosecond and nanosecond laser peening of stainless steel. JLMN 5:175–178

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nath A, Khare A (2011) Effect of focusing conditions on laser-induced shock waves at titanium-water interface. Appl Opt 50:3275–3281

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nolte S, Will M, Burghoff J, Tuennermann A (2003) Femtosecond waveguide writing: a new avenue to three-dimensional integrated optics. Appl Phys 77:109–111

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nose H, Maeda H, Yamamoto N, Nakahara M (2004) Effect of optical fiber output surface on laser induced shock wave and its application. Jpn J Appl Phys 43:6145–6151

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Park HK, Grigoropoulos CP, Leung WP, Tam AC (1994) A Practical excimer laser-based cleaning tool for removal of surface contaminants. IEEE Trans Compon Packaging Manuf Technol Part A 17:631–643

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Park HK, Kim D, Grigoropoulos CP, Tam AC (1996) Pressure generation and measurement in the rapid vaporization of water on a pulsed-laser-heated surface. J Appl Phys 80:4072–4081

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pritchett JW (1971) An evaluation of various theoretical models for underwater explosion bubble pulsation. US Department of Defense

  • Saito T, Marumoto M, Yamashita H, Hosseini SHR, Nakagawa A, Hirano T, Takayama K (2003) Experimental and numerical studies of underwater shock wave attenuation. Shock Waves 13:139–148

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sasoh A, Watanabe K, Sano Y, Mukai N (2005) Behavior of bubbles induced by the interaction of a laser pulse with a metal plate in water. Appl Phys A 80:1497–1500

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sigrist MW (1986) Laser generation of acoustic waves in liquids and gases. J Appl Phys 60:R83–R121

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Srinivasan R (1986) Ablation of polymers and biological tissue by ultraviolet lasers. Science 234:559–565

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Toker G, Bulatov V, Kovalchuk T, Schechter I (2009a) Micro-dynamics of optical breakdown in water induced by nanosecond laser, pulses of 1064 nm wavelength. Chem Phys Lett 471:244–248

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Toker G, Bulatov V, Kovalchuk T, Schechter I (2009b) Underwater interaction of 1064 nm laser radiation with metal target. World Acad Sci Eng Technol 3:25–28

    Google Scholar 

  • Utsunomiya Y, Kajiwara T, Nishiyama T, Nagayama K, Kubota S (2010) Pulse laser ablation at water–air interface. Appl Phys A 99:641–649

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Varslot T, Masøy S (2006) Forward propagation of acoustic pressure pulses in 3D soft biological tissue. Model Identif Control 27:181–200

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ward B, Emmony DC (1991) Direct observation of the pressure developed in a liquid during cavitation-bubble collapse. Appl Phys Lett 59:2228–2230

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zergiotia I, Karaiskou A, Papazoglou DG, Fotakis C, Kapsetaki M, Kafetzopoulos D (2005) Femtosecond laser microprinting of biomaterials. Appl Phys Lett 86:163902

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors are very grateful to Mr. M. Ueda, Mr. D. Noguchi for their help and contribution in carrying out research project. We are also thankful to Mr. K. Takahashi for his helpful discussion and contribution in the research.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255, Shimo-Okubo, Sakura, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan

    Rokhsan Ara Hemel & Hiroyuki Hirahara

Authors
  1. Rokhsan Ara Hemel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Hiroyuki Hirahara
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rokhsan Ara Hemel.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Hemel, R.A., Hirahara, H. Experimental observation of immediate focus of underwater shock wave by using concave emitter induced by nano-pulsed laser. J Vis 20, 765–775 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12650-017-0422-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12650-017-0422-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation