Abstract
In the last decade, a number of wireless and small-sized devices (e.g., PDAs, smartphones, sensors, laptops, etc.) with increasing computing capabilities have appeared in the market at very affordable costs. These devices have started to be embedded in modern cars in the form of on-board computers, GPS navigators, or even multimedia centers. Thus, the vehicles can carry useful information, acting as data sources for other vehicles. Recently, some works have addressed the problem of processing queries in such highly dynamic vehicular networks in order to share information between drivers. The proposed query processing techniques usually rely on a push model. Hence, each vehicle receives data from its neighbors and decides whether they are relevant enough to be stored in a local data cache. Then, the data may be used by a query processor to retrieve relevant data for the driver. In this paper, we look at the problem from a broader perspective and discuss the interest of multi-scale query processing techniques in such context. The goal of such techniques is to exploit, at the mobile device’s level, different access modes (e.g., push, pull) and various data sources (e.g., data cached locally, data stored by vehicles nearby, remote Web services, etc.) to provide the users with results for their queries. We highlight the most important challenges and outline some possible approaches. We also present a prototype of a first query evaluator developed using the Microsoft LINQ API.
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
See http://www.abiresearch.com/press/1466-In+2014+Monthly+Mobile+Data+Traffic+Will+Exceed+2008+Total, accessed May 9, 2011.
http://www.vics.or.jp/english/vics/index.html, accessed May 9, 2011.
To process the energy cost, we rely on the data provided by Feeney and Nilsson (2001) stating that the energy consumption can be estimated as 44 × 10−6 × n (Joules).
Only a few works consider the access to remote services in the context of vehicular networks (see Sect. 3.1 for an example), and so they are not described here.
References
Adacal M, Bener A (2006) Mobile web services: a new agent-based framework. IEEE Internet Comput 10(3):58–65
Androutsellis-Theotokis S, Spinellis D (2004) A survey of peer-to-peer content distribution technologies. ACM Comput Surv 36(4):335–371
Arasu A, Babu S, Widom J (2003) The CQL continuous query language: semantic foundations and query execution. VLDB J 15:121–142
Bajaber F, Awan I (2010) Energy efficient clustering protocol to enhance lifetime of wireless sensor network. J Ambient Intell Humaniz Comput 1(4):239–248. doi:10.1007/s12652-010-0019-x.
Baldauf M, Dustdar S, Rosenberg F (2006) A survey on context-aware systems. Int J Ad Hoc Ubiquitous Comput 2(4):263–277
Barbará D (1999) Mobile computing and databases—a survey. IEEE Trans Knowl Data Eng 11(1):108–117
Biswas S, Morris R (2005) ExOR: opportunistic multi-hop routing for wireless networks. ACM SIGCOMM Comput Commun Rev 35(4):133–144
Bonifati A, Chrysanthis PK, Ouksel AM, Sattler K-U (2008) Distributed databases and peer-to-peer databases: past and present. SIGMOD Rec 37(1):5–11
Cuevas-Vicenttin V (2008) Towards multi-scale query processing. In: Proceedings of IEEE 24th international conference on data engineering (ICDE’08) workshops. IEEE Computer Society, pp 137–144
Delot T, Cenerario N, Ilarri S (2010) Vehicular event sharing with a mobile peer-to-peer architecture. Transp Res Part C Emerg Technol 18(4):584–598
Feeney LM, Nilsson M (2001) Investigating the energy consumption of a wireless network interface in an ad hoc networking environment. In: Proceedings of the international conference on computer communications (INFOCOM’01). IEEE Computer Society
Fielding RT, Taylor RN (2002) Principled design of the modern Web architecture. ACM Trans Internet Technol 2(2):115–150
Grine H, Delot T, Lecomte S (2005) Adaptive query processing in mobile environment. In: Proceedings of the ACM third international workshop on middleware for pervasive and ad-hoc computing
He Y, Tully A (2008) Query processing for mobile wireless sensor networks: state-of-the-art and research challenges. In: Proceedings of the third international symposium on wireless pervasive computing (ISWPC’08). IEEE Computer Society, pp 518–523
Hiyama M, Ikeda M, Barolli L, Takizawa M (2010) Performance analysis of multi-hop ad-hoc network using multi-flow traffic for indoor scenarios. J Ambient Intell Human Comput 1(4):283–293. doi:10.1007/s12652-010-0021-3
Hu S-C, Wang Y-C, Huang C-Y, Tseng Y-C, Kuo L-C, Chen C-Y (2009) Vehicular sensing system for CO2 monitoring applications. In: Proceedings of the IEEE VTS Asia pacific wireless communications symposium (APWCS’09), pp 168–171
Huang H, Hartman JH, Hurst TN (2007) Efficient and robust query processing for mobile wireless sensor networks. Int J Sensor Netw 2(1/2):99–107
Ilarri S, Mena E, Illarramendi A (2006) Location-dependent queries in mobile contexts: distributed processing using mobile agents. IEEE Trans Mobile Comput 5(8):1029–1043
Ilarri S, Mena E, Illarramendi A (2010) Location-dependent query processing: where we are and where we are heading. ACM Comput Surv 42(3):1–73
Imielinski T (1996) Mobile computing. Kluwer, Boston
Imielinski T, Nath B (1993) Data management for mobile computing. SIGMOD Rec 22(1):34–39
Imielinski T, Nath B (2002) Wireless graffiti: data, data everywhere. In: Proceedings of the international conference on very large data bases (VLDB’02). VLDB Endowment, pp 9–19
Kossmann D (2000) The state of the art in distributed query processing. ACM Comput Surv 32(4):422–469
Koubarakis M, Sellis T, Frank A, Grumbach S, Hartmut Güting R, Jensen C, Lorentzos N, Manolopoulos Y, Nardelli E, Pernici B, Schek H-J, Scholl M, Theodoulidis B, Tryfona N (eds) (2003) Spatio-temporal databases: the CHOROCHRONOS Approach. Springer, Berlin
Lee U, Lee J, Park J-S, Gerla M (2010) FleaNet: a virtual market place on vehicular networks. IEEE Trans Veh Technol 59(1):344–355
Lenzerini M (2002) Data integration: a theoretical perspective. In: Proceedings of the 21st ACM SIGMOD-SIGACT-SIGART symposium on principles of database systems (PODS’02). ACM, pp 233–246
Leontiadis I, Costa P, Mascolo C (2009) Persistent content-based information dissemination in hybrid vehicular networks. In: Proceedings of the seventh IEEE international conference on pervasive computing and communications (PerCom’09). IEEE Computer Society
Lochert C, Hartenstein H, Tian J, Füßler H, Hermann D, Mauve M (2003) A routing strategy for vehicular ad hoc networks in city environments. In: Proceedings of the intelligent vehicles symposium (IV’03). IEEE Computer Society, pp 156–161
Lochert C, Scheuermann B, Caliskan M, Mauve M (2007) The feasibility of information dissemination in vehicular ad-hoc networks. In: Proceedings of the fourth conference on wireless on demand network systems and services (WONS07). IEEE Computer Society, pp 92–99
Luo J, Hubaux J-P (2005) A survey of research in inter-vehicle communications. In: Kerstin L, Christof P, Marko W (eds) Embedded security in cars—securing current and future automotive IT applications. Springer, Berlin, pp 111–122
Merlin CJ, Heinzelman WB (2009) A study of safety applications in vehicular networks. In: Proceedings of IEEE international conference on mobile adhoc and sensor systems (MAHSS’09). IEEE Computer Society
Motani M, Srinivasan V, Nuggehalli PS (2005) PeopleNet: engineering a wireless virtual social network. In: Proceedings of the 11th annual internal conference on mobile computing and networking (MobiCom’05). ACM, pp 243–257
Nittel S, Duckham M, Kulik L (2004) Information dissemination in mobile ad-hoc geosensor networks. In: Proceedings of the international conference on geographic information science (GIScience’04), vol 3234 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, pp 206–222
Nkwe T, Denko M, Ernst J (2010) Data ubiquity in autonomic wireless mesh networks. J Ambient Intell Human Comput 1(1):3–13. doi:10.1007/s12652-009-0001-7
Olariu S, Weigle MC (eds) (2009) Vehicular networks: from theory to practice. Chapman & Hall/CRC, Boca Raton
Ott J, Kutscher D (2004) Drive thru internet. IEEE 802.11 for “automobile” users. In: Proceedings of the 23rd international conference on computer communications (INFOCOM’04). IEEE Computer Society, March 2004, pp 362–373
Pitoura E, Samaras G (1998) Data management for mobile computing. Kluwer, Dordrecht
Seydim AY, Dunham MH, Kumar V (2001) Location dependent query processing. In: Proceedings of the second ACM international workshop on data engineering for wireless and mobile access (MobiDE’01), collocated with ACM SIGMOD. ACM, pp 47–53
Smaldone S, Han L, Shankar P, Iftode L (2008) RoadSpeak: enabling voice chat on roadways using vehicular social networks. In: Proceedings of the first workshop on social network systems (SocialNets’08). ACM
Thilliez M, Delot T (2004) Evaluating location dependent queries using ISLANDS. In: Larios V, Ramos FF, Unger H (eds) Advanced distributed systems, vol 3061 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, pp 125–136
Urra O, Ilarri S, Delot T, Mena E (2010) Mobile agents in vehicular networks: Taking a first ride. In: Proceedings of the eight international conference on practical applications of agents and multi-agent systems (PAAMS 2010), April 2010, vol 70 of Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing. Springer, Berlin, pp 118–124
Urra O, Ilarri S, Mena E, Delot T (2009) Using hitchhiker mobile agents for environment monitoring. In: Proceedings of the seventh international conference on practical applications of agents and multi-agent systems (PAAMS’09), March 2009, vol 55 of Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing. Springer, Berlin, pp 557–566
Vargas-Solar G, Ibrahim N, Collet C, Adiba M, Petit J-M, Delot T (2010) Pervasive computing and communications design and deployment: technologies, trends, and applications, chapter: Querying issues in pervasive environments. IGI Global
Xu B, Ouksel A, Wolfson O (2004) Opportunistic resource exchange in inter-vehicle ad-hoc networks. In: Proceedings of the fifth international conference on mobile data management (MDM’04). IEEE Computer Society, pp 4–12
Xu B, Vafaee F, Wolfson O (2009) In-network query processing in mobile P2P databases. In: Proceedings of the ACM international conference on advances in geographic information systems (GIS’09). ACM, pp 207–216
Xu Q, Shen HT, Chen Z, Cui B, Zhou X, Dai Y (2009) Hybrid retrieval mechanisms in vehicle-based P2P networks. In: Proceedings of the international conference on computational science (ICCS’09), vol 5544 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, pp 303–314
Ye H, Kerherv B, Bochmann Gv, Oria V (2003) Pushing quality of service information and requirements into global query optimization. In: Proceedings of the international database engineering and applications symposium (IDEAS’03). IEEE Computer Society, pp 170–179
Zhang Y, Zhao J, Cao G (2009) Roadcast: a popularity aware content sharing scheme in VANETs. In: Proceedings of the 29th IEEE international conference on distributed computing systems (ICDCS’09). IEEE Computer Society, pp 223–230
Acknowledgments
This research work has been partially supported by the French research agency (ANR) in the scope of the OPTIMACS project, and the CICYT projects TIN2007-68091-C02-02 and TIN2010-21387-C02-02.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Delot, T., Ilarri, S., Thilliez, M. et al. Multi-scale query processing in vehicular networks. J Ambient Intell Human Comput 2, 213–226 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12652-011-0058-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12652-011-0058-y