Abstract
Aiming at the current research on the escape path of complex building fires with the problem about lack of path prediction correction and multi-person escape, this paper proposes an analytical method of real-time dynamic escape path prediction based on Building Information Model (BIM). The method uses a Fire Dynamic Simulator (FDS) to simulate the spread of the fire and analyzes the simulated data of BIM model, and dynamically adjusts simulation of the spread of fire according to the real-time situation of fire. This method is designed for path planning for the single and multi-person escapes. The single-person escape path planning uses real-time dynamic methods to locate the evacuee and obtain the fire situation. The Dijkstra algorithm is used to derive the shortest escape route with BIM integration information, and the fire spread simulation data and escape speed are used to predict and correct the path to achieve the best escape path planning in real-time dynamic. The multi-person escape path planning predicts the congestion according to the single-person escape route. When the congestion is predicted, the corresponding evacuation process is carried out to avoid the hazard caused by the fire escape and crowding so as to realize rapid escape at the scene of fire. Through the BIM 3D model, the dynamic fire escape path can be visualized for the evacuees. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by constructing a prototype system for the analysis.
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Acknowledgements
This research is supported by the Key Research and Development Foundation of Shandong Province of China (No. 2019GGX101017), and the iSMART Open Foundation of Qingdao University of Technology (No. 201812030).The authors also thank Zihao Xing for the valuable comments.
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Wang, J., Wei, G. & Dong, X. A dynamic fire escape path planning method with BIM. J Ambient Intell Human Comput 12, 10253–10265 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12652-020-02794-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12652-020-02794-2