Abstract
In this paper, we present a method for nonlinear system identification. The proposed method adopts least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) to approximate a nonlinear autoregressive model with eXogeneous (NARX). First, the orders of NARX model are determined from input–output data via Lipschitz quotient criterion. Then, an LSSVM model is used to approximate the NARX model. To obtain an efficient LSSVM model, a novel particle swarm optimization with adaptive inertia weight is proposed to tune the hyper-parameters of LSSVM. Two experimental results are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.










Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.References
Aadaleesan P, Miglan N, Sharma R, Saha P (2008) Nonlinear system identification using Wiener type Laguerre-wavelet network model. Chem Eng Sci 63:3932–3941
Abdelazim T, Malik O (2005) Identification of nonlinear systems by Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy logic grey box modeling for real-time control. Control Eng Pract 13:1489–1498
Adachi S, Ogawa T (2001) A new system identification method based on support vector machines. In: IFAC workshop adaptation and learning in control and signal processing, Italy
Akaike H (2009) A new look at the statistical model identification. IEEE Fuzzy Set Syst 160:3518–3529
Alci M, Asyali MH (1974) Nonlinear system identification via Laguerre network based fuzzy systems. IEEE Trans Autom Control 19(6):716–723
Aydin I, Karakose M, Akin E (2011) A multi-objective artificial immune algorithm for parameter optimization in support vector machine. Appl Soft Comput 11(1):120–129
Bagis A (2008) Fuzzy rule base design using tabu search algorithm for nonlinear system modeling. ISA Trans 47:32–44
de Barros J, Dexter A (2007) On-line identification of computationally undemanding evolving fuzzy models. Fuzzy Sets Syst 158:1997–2012
Boyd S, Chua L (1985) Fading memory and the problem of approximating nonlinear operators with Volterra series. IEEE Trans Circuits Syst 32(11):1150–1161
Du H, Zhang N (2008) Application of evolving Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy model to nonlinear system identification. Appl Soft Comput 8:676–686
Ge H, Du W, Qian F, Liang Y (2009) Identification and control of nonlinear systems by a time-delay recurrent neural network. Neurocomputing 72:2857–2864
Ge H, Qian F, Liang Y, Du W, Wang L (2008) Identification and control of nonlinear system by a dissimilation particle swarm optimization-based Elman neural network. Nonlinear Anal Real World Appl 9:1345–1360
Giri F, Bai E (2010) Block-oriented nonlinear system identification. Springer, Berlin
Guenounou O, Belmehdi A, Dahhou B (2009) Multi-objective optimization of TSK fuzzy models. Expert Syst Appl 36:7416–7423
Guo X, Yang J, Wu C, Wang C, Liang Y (2008) A novel LS-SVMs hyper-parameter selection based on particle swarm optimization. Neurocomputing 71(16):3211–3215
He X, Asada H.: A new method for identifying orders of input-output models for nonlinear dynamic systems. In: American control conference, pp 2520–2523 (1993)
Jeng J, Lee M, Huang H (2005) Identification of block-oriented nonlinear processes using designed relay feedback tests. Ind Eng Chem Res 44:2145–2155
Juang CF, Hsieh CD (2009) TS-fuzzy system-based support vector regression. Fuzzy Sets Syst 160(17):2486–2504
Kennedy, J., Eberhart, R.: Particle swarm optimization. In: Proceedings, IEEE international conference on neural networks, 1995, vol 4, pp 1942–1948 (1995)
Kennedy JF, Kennedy J, Eberhart RC (2001) Swarm intelligence. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco
Li S, Tan M (2010) Tuning SVM parameters by using a hybrid CLPSO-BFGS algorithm. Neurocomputing 73(10):2089–2096
Lima CA, Coelho AL, Von Zuben FJ (2007) Hybridizing mixtures of experts with support vector machines: investigation into nonlinear dynamic systems identification. Inf Sci 177(10):2049–2074
Lu Z, Sun J (2009) Non-Mercer hybrid kernel for linear programming support vector regression in nonlinear systems identification. Appl Soft Comput 9(1):94–99
Lu Z, Sun J, Butts KR (2009) Linear programming support vector regression with wavelet kernel: a new approach to nonlinear dynamical systems identification. Math Comput Simul 79(7):2051–2063
Mirri D, Iuculano G, Filicori F, Pasini G, Vannini G, Gualtieri G (2002) A modified Volterra series approach for nonlinear dynamic systems modeling. IEEE Trans Circ Syst Fund Theor Appl 49:1118–1128
Narendra K, Parthasarathy K (1990) Identification and control of dynamical systems using neural networks. IEEE Trans Neural Netw 1(1):4–27
Nickabadi A, Ebadzadeh MM, Safabakhsh R (2011) A novel particle swarm optimization algorithm with adaptive inertia weight. Appl Soft Comput 11(4):3658–3670
Rojo-Álvarez JL, Martínez-Ramón M, de Prado-Cumplido M, Artés-Rodríguez A, Figueiras-Vidal AR (2004) Support vector method for robust ARMA system identification. IEEE Trans Signal Process 52(1):155–164
Schwarz G (1978) Estimating the dimension of a model. Ann Stat 6(2):461–464
Shi Y, Eberhart R (1998) A modified particle swarm optimizer. In: The 1998 IEEE international conference on evolutionary computation proceedings, 1998. IEEE World Congress on computational intelligence. IEEE, pp 69–73
Subudhia B, Jena D (2011) A differential evolution based neural network approach to nonlinear system identification. Appl Soft Comput 11:861–871
Suykens J, Vandewalle J (1999) Least squares support vector machine classifiers. Neural Process Lett 3:293–300
Tang X, Zhuang L, Jiang C (2009) Prediction of silicon content in hot metal using support vector regression based on chaos particle swarm optimization. Expert Syst Appl 36(9):11853–11857
Tötterman S, Toivonen HT (2009) Support vector method for identification of Wiener models. J Process Control 19(7):1174–1181
Vapnik V (1998) Statistical learning theory. Wiley, New York
Wu Q (2009) The forecasting model based on wavelet \(\nu\)-support vector machine. Expert Syst Appl 36(4):7604–7610
Xie W, Zhu Y, Zhao Z, Wong Y (2009) Nonlinear system identification using optimized dynamic neural network. Neurocomputing 72:3277–3287
Zhang X, Chen X, He Z (2010) An ACO-based algorithm for parameter optimization of support vector machines. Expert Syst Appl 37(9):6618–6628
Zhao H, Zhang J (2009) Nonlinear dynamic system identification using pipelined functional link artificial recurrent network network. Neurocomputing 72:3046–3054
Acknowledgments
This work is supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61273260), the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (No. 20121333120010), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2013M530888, 2014T70229), Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (No. F2014203208).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wang, S., Han, ., Liu, F. et al. Nonlinear system identification using least squares support vector machine tuned by an adaptive particle swarm optimization. Int. J. Mach. Learn. & Cyber. 6, 981–992 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13042-015-0403-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13042-015-0403-0